初二英语寒假专题——数词外研社。
本讲教育信息】
一。教学内容:
寒假专题——数词。
表示数字、数目和顺序次第的词叫数词。如one,first…数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词是表示数目多少的数词,如one,two等。
序数词是表示顺序次第的数词,如first,second等。
教学过程]一。基数词。
一)基数词1-12是独立的单词。
例:one/two/three/four/five/six/seven/eight/nine/ten/eleven/twelve
二)13-19基本上是在3-9后加-teen构成。但13,15,18有点特殊。
例:thirteen/fourteen/fifteen/sixteen/seventeen/eighteen/nineteen
三)20-90的整十位数是在3-9后加-ty构成,但20,30,40,50有点特殊。
例:twenty/thirty/forty/fifty/sixty/seventy/eighty/ninety
四)“几十几”是由十位数词加连字符“-”加个位数合成。
例:twenty-one/twenty-two
五)英语中无“万”的单位,但有“百”、“千”、“百万”。表达方式如下:
one hundred一百。
one thousand一千。
ten thousand一万。
one hundred thousand十万。
one million一百万。
ten million一千万。
六)三位数数词要在百位和十位之间加and.例:365 three hundred and sixty-five
七)1000以上的数字要先把数字分段,从后向前数每三位数空1/4格,倒数第一个空格前的数位为千(thousand),第二个空格前的数位为百万(million)。
例:47 635 848 forty-seven million six hundred and thirty-five thousand eight hundred andforty-eight.注意:
如果hundred,thousand,million前面有具体的数字,要用单数形式,但如果它们后面有of,则要用复数形式,且它们前面不可以再有表示具体数目的数词,表示“数百个”,“成千上万”。
例:three hundred students / hundredsof studentsfive thousand stars/thousandsof stars
二。序数词。
一)序数词除了first,second,third有各自的形式外,其余的都是基数词上加-th构成,但以-y结尾的基数词要变y为ie再加th,以-ve结尾要变ve为f再加th。以-t结尾直接加-h。十位以上的基数词变成序数词时,只把个位数变成序数词即可,十位不变。
变化口诀:8去t,9去e,ve变f,y变ie。
二)序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后的两个字母构成。
例:1st/2nd/3rd/…
三)部分基数词与序数词对照:
one—first
two—second
three—third
four—fourth
five—fifth
six—sixth
seven—seventh
eight—eighth
nine—ninth
ten—tenth
eleven—eleventh
twelve—twelfth
twenty—twentieth
thirty—thirtieth
forty—fortieth
fifty—fiftieth
sixty—sixtieth
seventy—seventieth eighty—eightieth ninety—ninetieth
twenty-one—twenty-firstthirty-seven—thirty-seventh
one hundred—one hundredth
three thousand and one—three thousand and first
四)序数词前若无物主代词或名词所有格,则要在序数词前加定冠词the;若表示“另一个”则加不定冠词a或an。
例:the yellow river is the second longer river in china
三。数词的用法。
一)数词在句中可以做主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。
例:the eighth of march is women’s day. (主语)the two girls are sisters.
(定语)we three will go there tomorrow. (同位语)i like the third better.(宾语)
二)数词用来表示世纪、年代、日期。
例:二十一世纪:the 21stcentury(用序数词表达)
九十年代:the nineties(用the加整十位的基数词复数表达)
20世纪90年代:1990s或1990’s (nineteen nineties)
2023年:nineteen ninety-nine (分二位读)2023年:two thousand2023年12月25日:
december(the )twenty-fifth, nineteen ninety-nine
三)时刻表示法。
9:43 nine forty-three(时刻常用基数词读出)
整点:7:00 seven o’clock(o’clock可以省略)
表示“几点过几分”可用“分钟+past+小时”,但分钟必须在半小时以内,即小于30分钟。15分钟可用a quarter表示,半小时可用half来表示。
例:ten past two, a quarter past nine, half past eight表示“差几分几点”可用“分钟+to+小时”,同样分钟必须在半小时以内,即小于30分钟。
例:差2分钟2点:two to two即:1:58
四)各种号码表达法。(注意大写第一个字母且数词在后面)
例:room 205,class 5
五)表示岁数。
例:my sister is sixteen.
六)分数、小数、百分数的表达法。
分数表示法:分数由基数词和序数词一起构成。分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于一时作为分母的序数词要用复数形式。
例:三分之一one third
十分之七。seven tenths小数表达法:小数点读做point,小数点后的数按单个基数词依次读出。
例:0.45 zero point four five百分数表达法:由基数词加percent或per cent构成。
例:85% eighty-five per cent
15.23% fifteen point two three percent
模拟试题】(答题时间:40分钟)
选择填空。1. more than two___years ago, people knew little about the thousandsb. thousands of
c .thousand of
d. thousand2. nearly ninetrees h**e been planted along the lake since .hundred
b. hundred of
c. hundreds
d. hundreds of3dollars is a lot of six thousand
b. six thousands of
c. six thousands
d. six thousand of4. can you write the number eighty-five thousand six hundred and twenty-six?
a.85662
b.85626c.58662
d.586265. it is overyears since our party was founded in seventy
b. ninety
c. eighty
d. eightieth6. there are usually __days in a three hundred sixty-five
b. three hundred and sixty-fivec. three hundred sixty five
d. three hundreds and sixty-five7. i like __best in this lesson one
b. lesson first
c. the lesson one
d. first lesson8. what time is it?
it’sa. forty-five past four
b. four past forty-fivec. forty-five four
d. fifteen to six9. september ismonth of the nine
b ninth
c. the-ninth
d. the ninth10. it takes me __to finish my homework every a half and two hour
b. two hour and a halfc. two and a half hour
d. two and a half hours11. tom has collected about __chinese two hundred forty-six
b. two hundred and forty-sixc. two hundred forty six
d. two hundreds and forty-six12. how far is it from your home to your office?
___twenty minutes
b. twenty minutes’
c. twenty minute’s
d. twenty-minutes13. there are twenty boys in our classare from two theyb. the second
c .two of themd. the two of them14.
mr. smith has a __ten years oldb. ten year oldc.
ten-years-oldd. ten-year-old15. before he went to america, mr.
li had learnedenglish hundreds of
b. hundred of
c. three hundredsd. three hundreds of16. lucy wrote aletter to her .six hundred words
b. six-hundred words
c. six-hundred-word
d. six-hundred-words17. many people in the world speak english as __the secondb. second
c. twod. a second18. what date is it today?
it’sa .my birthday today.
b. a fine dayc. saturday
d. september 29,200219. how often do you go to visit your grandparentsa. two time a month
b. twice a month
c. two times month
d. a month twice20here today.
a. there are only ten of us
b. we are only ten
c. there are only ten us
d. there are only ten21. my birthday is on december___a. five
b. the fifth
c. fifth
d. the five22. we can see __stars in the universe at millions
b. millionc. million of
d. millions of23. they go to the cinemaa .one
b. once
c. one time
d. a time24. miss gao lives ina. room 603b. the 603
c. 603 room
d. the room 60325. three weeks is not enough for me to write the book, i needweek.
a other
b. the otherc. a fourth
d. fourth26of the storybooks on the shelf are two-thirdsb. second-thirdsc.
two-thirdd. second-third【试题答案】
1~5 daabc
6~10 baddd
11~15 bbcda
16~20 cddba
21~25 bdbac
26 a
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