高中英语读写任务概括及常用句式

发布 2020-01-08 09:45:28 阅读 2870

高中英语读写任务专题突破---概括summary

读写任务的写作内容一般分为两个部分,即写作内容1为概括短文要点,还有写作内容2 则是就某个主题发表看法。然而,绝大部分的考生会忽略了写作内容2对写作内容1的导航作用,而一头扎进了阅读材料直接去阅读文章得出要点。事实上, 所谓“读写任务”其实是“读”和“写”的有机结合,“读”的材料是为了后面的“写”提供情景,同样, “写”也是对“读”的材料的思考和延伸。

因此在概括文章时,可考虑命题人提供的写作内容2的导航作用,因为它能够帮助大家更快地提高捕捉文章要点的速度与准确性。

一、概括的标准:抛弃次要,瞄准写作目的。

标准的概括一般第一句话是主题句,清楚明白地告诉了读者文章的写作目的,这句话的质量决定了概括的成败。后面的句子对主题句进行解释和支撑,凡是意义在主题之外的要毫不吝啬地予以删除。

二、概括的写作步骤:

1. 确定主题句。确定阅读文章的主题句,一般在段首。没有主题句的需要自己组合。

2. 寻找关键词。分析主题句意义,确定关键词,关键词一般体现为名词、形容词,关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。

3. 重构主题句。概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。可以从作者的写作目的逆推,反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的,它基本决定了概括的质量。

4. 重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句,可以是补充过程或者提供证据。

口诀:缩长见短,省却细腻。

三、概括的形式:“主题句+支撑句” 即“主题+主题的什么”。

四、写概括的具体方法。

1、写概括的步骤。

a.定时态:如果阅读材料是过去时,那么基本时态用过去时;如果是现在的,那么基本时态用现在时;不过,模板的开头语一般为现在时如the passage

tells us that

b.定人称:一般情况下采用第三人称来写作。(特殊如书信的,可能会使用第。

一、二人称;)

c.定技巧:结合相关技巧,重新组句。

1)use words of similar meanings同义替换法。

i didn’t catch any fish owing to the fact that i was not patient.

i didn’t catch any fishi was not patient.

2)adopt the opposite way when saying a sentence正话反说法。

you will fail. =you will

3)change the part of speech词性转换法。

patience is very important. patience is of

4)change the structure of a sentence句式变化法。

语态变换:parents should give children more praise.

children shouldmore praise.

简单句变复合句:

children should be encouraged more. this will help them learn faster.

children should be encouraged morewill help them learn faster..

5)use the shortest possible transitions连词衔接法。

注意使用一些短而精的连词,如but, and, so, while, however, then, yet, for, therefore, thus, including, instead of 等。

we should encourage children. we should not scold them.

we should encourage childrenscolding them.

6) change the order of the words.词序改变法。

2、写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧:

1) 删除细节。只保留主要观点。

2) 避免重复。在原文中,为了强调某个主题,可能会重复论证说明。但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。

3) 删除具体例子。不过,阅读材料本身是由几个具体例子构成的,如阅读材料是谈西方种种节日的,如删除具体例子,则概括很难达到30个词,那就选择一至两个例子(即一两个主要节日)。注:

原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子,你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。

4) 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词,比如:

she brought home several chinese and english novels, a few copies of time and newsweek and some textbooks. she intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.”

可以概括为:“she brought home a lot of books to read during the vocation.”

5) 把文章的对话或直接引语(的要点)改成间接引语叙述。

6) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子,那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。

7) 压缩长的句子。如下列两例:

his courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”

可以概括为: “he was very br**e in battle.”

he was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.”

可以概括为:“he was in financial difficulties.”

8) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。

五、练习。1,then, you can think of a way to make both sides happy. here are some tips

1)make time to talk. you could talk about your school life and your plans for the future.

2)..keep a diary. it can help you understand more about yourself and your feelings.

3). show your parents you are growing up. wash your own clothes and help around the house.

summary

2. sometimes, kids don’t think their parents are fair to them. when you want to dress in a modern way, your mum doesn’t like you to wear a mini-skirt.

when you are ****** phone calls to friends, they ask whether you’re speaking to a boy or a girl.

summary

3. kate looked at paul disapprovingly, “you use too much salt on your food, paul. it’s not at all good for you!

” paul put down his knife and frowned, “why on earth not! if you didn’t h**e salt on your food it would taste awful…like eating wood or sand…just imagine bread without salt in it!”

summary

摘要的开头语。

1)according to the passage, we know...

2)the writer states that...

3)the author thinks /argues ..

4)the story/passage is about...

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