高中英语人教版选修八unit4词汇讲解

发布 2021-05-25 03:18:28 阅读 6130

1、betray [btre]vt. 泄露(秘密);出卖,背叛。

常见用法:1.betray a secret to sb. 向某人泄露秘密。

2.betray one’s trust 辜负某人的信任。

3.betray oneself 暴露本来面目,原形毕露。

例句:but they betray themselves every time they open their mouths.

但是,他们每次开口说话时都会暴露自己。

朗文p168)there are people who are prepared to betray their country for money.

有些人准备为钱财背叛祖国。

牛津p174)for years they had been betraying state secrets to russia.

他们多年来一直在向俄罗斯泄露****。

牛津p174)she felt betrayed when she found out the truth about him.

她发现他的真实情况后,感到受了欺骗。

牛津p174)she betrayed his trust over and over again.

她一次又一次地辜负了他的信任。

练习:完成句子。

1.他伪装得很好,可是一开口说话就原形毕露了。

he had a good disguise,but as soon as he spoke he

2.他把朋友出卖给敌人,这使我们非常吃惊。

hewhich surprised us all.

答案:himself

his friends to the enemy

condemn [kn'dem]vi. 谴责;使……注定。

常见用法:1. ~名词。

condemn one's foolish beh**iour责备某人的愚蠢行为。

condemn murder谴责**行为。

condemn the policy of aggression谴责侵略政策。

2.~+副词。

condemn blindly盲目谴责。

condemn indignantly愤怒地谴责。

condemn indiscriminately不分青红皂白地责难。

condemn mercilessly无情地谴责。

3.~+介词。

condemn as把…谴责为,宣告(某人)犯有…罪。

condemn as traitors宣告犯有叛逆罪。

condemn for因…而宣告…有罪。

condemn for stealing因偷…被宣告有罪。

例句:牛津p410)he was condemned to death for murder and later hanged.

他因**罪被判处死刑后被绞死。

朗文p412)if you don’t learn from the past,you are condemned to repeat its mistakes.

如果你不从过去吸取教训的话,就注定要重复以前的错误。

朗文p412)she knew that society will condemn her for le**ing her children.

她知道社会会因她离弃自己的孩子而谴责她。

练习:1.英译汉。

look at this girl with her terrible english:the english that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days.

the media strongly __the drunken drivers for their beh**iors.

he deserved to be punished.

a.inspectedb.condemned

c.calculatedd.praised

答案:1. 你瞧那个姑娘,英语说得那样糟糕,命中注定要在贫民窟里呆一辈子了。

2.选b。句意:

“**强烈谴责醉酒司机的行为。”“他该受罚。”condemn“谴责”,符合句意。

inspect“检查;视察”;calculate“计算”;praise“表扬”。

acquaintance ['kweintns]n. 相识;了解;熟人。常见用法:

动词+~cultivate sb's acquaintance刻意结交某人。

cut one's acquaintance与某人绝交。

drop one's acquaintance与某人绝交。

establish an acquaintance with sb结识某人。

形容词+~adequate acquaintance充分了解。

agreeable acquaintance令人愉快的相识。

bowing acquaintance点头之交。

casual acquaintance泛泛之交。

名词+~business acquaintance业务上的熟人。

chance acquaintance偶然结识的人。

例句:and i came to england to make your acquaintance!

我也正是到英国来找你的。

牛津p16)claire has a wide circle of friends and acquaintances.克莱尔交友很广。

牛津p16)i am delighted to make your acquaintance,贝克太太,我很高兴与你相识。

i h**e some acquaintance with french,but i do not know it well.我懂得一点法语,但不精通。

my father has a nodding acquaintance with the professor.

我父亲与这位教授有点头之交。

练习:1.英译汉all our employees are fully acquainted with safety precautions.

2.我很久以前一直盼望着与她结识。

i’d been looking forward tofor a long time.

答案:1.我们所有的雇员都非常熟悉安全预防措施。

her acquaintance

hesitate 英['heztet] 美['heztet] vi. 犹豫;踌躇。

常见用法:1. hesitate to do

2. hesitate for a moment

3. h**e no hesitation in doing sth.

例句:a gentleman (g)passes and hesitates for a moment.

这时有位先生(简称先)从这儿路过,他迟疑了片刻。

牛津p959)please do not hesitate to contact me if you h**e any queries.

如果有疑问请尽管和我联系。

牛津p959)i didn’t hesitate for a moment about taking the job.

我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。

练习:1.(2023年高考福建卷)we are at your __to turn to us if you h**e any further problems.

a.begb.hesitate

c.desired.seek

2.英译汉i h**e no hesitation in recommending her for the job.

答案:1.选b。

句意:我们愿意为你效劳。如果你还有什么问题尽管找我们。

beg祈求;desire希望得到(某物),想要;seek to do sth.努力做某事。hesitate to do sth.

不情愿做某事。

2.我毫不犹豫地推荐她做这项工作。

compromise ['kmprmaiz]ni. &vi. 妥协;折衷。常见用法:

动词+~arrange a compromise准备妥协。

agree on〔reject〕 a compromise同意〔拒绝〕妥协。

come to a compromise取得妥协。

work out a compromise制定一个折中方案。

形容词+~acceptable〔reasonable〕 compromise可以接受〔合理〕的妥协方案。

weak〔satisfactory〕 compromise不稳固〔圆满〕的和解。

+名词。compromise agreement折中协议。

例句:朗文p406)talks are continuing in the hope that the two sides will reach a compromise.

为了双方达成妥协,谈判在继续进行。

江苏高考)most important of all,it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement.

最重要的是,通过相互妥协相互协商来作决定总是明智的。

in my view,it’s wise of you to compromise with her.

以我看来,你和她妥协是明智之举。

练习:1.为了和谐地生活,有时你需要做出让步。

in order to live in harmony,sometimes you need to

2.英译汉。

we are not prepared to compromise on safety standards.

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