外研版初二英语期中时态复习1 精

发布 2021-05-18 14:25:28 阅读 3926

初二英语 module 1-6语法知识复习及能力提高。

时态复习:一、现在进行时态。

1. 定义:表示现在正在进行的动作。

2. 构成:be + 动词的现在分词。

1 be 随着人称、数的变化而变化。 (am, is, are

eg :he is writing a postcard . 肯定。

2 现在分词的组成形式有如下几种:

动词后面直接加 ing: doing buying playing

动词去 e 加 ing : h**ing taking giving writing

重读闭音节单词 , 双写动词最后一个字母,然后加 ing:

running swimming sitting shopping getting beginning putting ④ 特殊形式的变化:lie — lying die – dying

3. 时间状语:look, listen, now, at the moment

二、一般现在时:

1、用法。1. 表达经常性或习惯性的动作 2. 表示现在的状态。

3. 叙述一件事情 4. 叙述客观事实真理(地球围绕太阳跑 2、构成:

肯定句:主语 +动词(第三人称单数 +…

否定句:主语 +don’ t / doesn’ t +动词原形 +…

疑问句:do/ does + 主语 +动词原形 +…

特殊疑问句:疑问词 +一般疑问句 +…

例如:he often plays football on the playground.

3. 时间状语:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, everyday /every year 动词三单的变化:

1、一般动词后加 s ,如:reads, plays, works, makes

2、以 s, x, ch, sh, 结尾,后加 es. 如:watches,3、以辅音字母加 o 结尾 , 一般加 es ,如:does, goes

4、辅音字母 +y结尾的单词 , 去 y , 加 ies, 如:worries, studies

三、一般过去时。

1. 用法:

1. 一般过去时 be 动词。

2. 构成:主语 +was/ were+表语 .

主语 +was/ were + not + 表语 ( weren’t, wasn't

was/were+主语 +表语。

eg :i was late for school yesterday.

2. 一般过去时 (行为动词

构成:主语 +动词的过去式 +宾语 +状语。

主语 +didn't动词原形 +宾语 +状语。

did+主语 +动词原形 +宾语 +状语 ?

eg :he often visit his grandma last year.

3. 时间状语 :last week/sunday, yesterday, a moment ago, this morning...

过去式的构成:

1. +ed open-opened 2. 双写最后一个字母 +ed stop-stopped 3.

去 y 换 i+ed carry-carried 4. 以 e 为结尾 +d live-lived

不规则:书后 172页。

四、一般将来时。

一、用法:1. “be going to” 表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、安排要做的事。

它是一般将来时的一种表达形式,we are going to play football tomorrow. 明天我们将去踢足球。

二、构成:1. be going to +动词原形。在 be going to 结构中, be 随主语人称和数的变化而变化,而 going to 固定不变。

2. 表达将来在某一时间内要发生,或将要发生的动作或状态。

构成:will +动词原形:(当主语第一人称时, 一般用 shall 代替 will ; 当主语为其他人称时,用 will ,但主语为第一人称时,也可以用 will

如:● we will/shall h**e a good winter vacation. 我们将有个愉快的寒假。

缩写形式 : ll =shall/will 否定形式可缩写为 shall not = shan't will not =won't 三、时间状语。

tomorrow (明天 , the day after tomorrow(后天 , next… (下个 , soon(不久 , one day(某天 , from now(从今后 , in… (s time(在 … 时间之后 , in the future

五、现在完成时。

1. 现在完成时的用法。

1 现在完成时表示在说话之前已经完成或刚完成的动作。

i h**e bought a ten-speed bicycle.

they h**e cleaned the classroom.

2 现在完成时表示动作从过去开始持续到现在, 或者还有可能持续下去的动作或状态。 现在完成时常与 for 和 since 引导的短语或从句连用。

we h**e lived here since 1976.

they h**e waited for more than two hours.

2.构成:肯定句:主语+h**e (has+动词过去分词+…

i h**e seen your dictionary. he has read that book.

否定句:主语+h**e (has+not+动词过去分词+…

i h**en’t seen the hasn’t come yet.

疑问句:h**e (has +主语 +动词过去分词 +其他。

h**e you been to nanjing? y es, i h**e. no, i h**en’ t.

has jack had lunch yet? y es, he has. no, he hasn’ t.

h**e been to\ h**e gone to 区别:

h**e\ has been to…“ 曾经去过某地 ”

表示一种经历, (现在回来了 ,可与 ever, never, once, twice等连用 .

he has ever been to shanghai twice.

h**e \ has gone to…

表示 “ 去某地了 ” 说话时某人已离开了 ,主语常用第三人称。如:

he has gone to shanghai.

瞬间动词(点动词与延续性动词:

若现在完成时的谓语动词是一个马上就结束的瞬间性动词, 则不可以与表示一段的时间状语连用,常见的瞬间动词有:

buy , borrow, le**e, join, die, come, go , arrive, begin, start, get, become, marry, lose 等。

he has been away (le**e from beijing for four years.

the old man has been dead (die for two years.

le**e-be away buy-h**e arrive in/ at-be here get to – be here\ there

come to – be here\ there become-be borrow-keep

begin/start-do go to-be in die-be dead join-be in (be a … member

比较 since 和 for

since 用来说明动作起始时间, for 用来说明动作延续时间长度。

i h**e lived here for more than twenty years.

i h**e lived here since i was born..

my aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.

some new oilfields h**e been opened up since 1976.

i h**e known xiao li since she was a little girl.

my brother has been in the youth league for two years.

i h**e not heard from my uncle for a long time.

注意:并非有 for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。

i worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。 ●i h**e worked here for many years.

(现在我仍在这里工作。

3. 时间状语:

already , yet, just, before, since, for, ever, never, twice…

六、过去进行时。

一、过去进行时用法:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。

i was watching tv when she came to see me.

二、构成:主语 +was/ were+doing+其它。

my mother was cooking when i came back home.

三、时间状语。

at this time yesterday , at 8 o’ clock last night , the whole day, when, while+时间状语从句。

语法知识运用 】

一、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1you evervisit new york?

2. helive in china for nearly three years.

3. at this time last friday, weh**e the same class.

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