动名词做主语和宾语讲解与练习。
hamlet enjoyed ****** fun of polonius.
老师,make 在句子中是系动词吗?
句子语法结构分析如下。
主语:hamlet
谓语:enjoyed
宾语:****** fun of polonius
以上****** fun of polonius动名词短语作谓语动词enjoyed的宾语。
make fun of 为动词短语,意思,嘲弄, 取笑; 开玩笑; 排调; 调笑。
i'd make fun of her dress and imitate her speech.
我会拿她的衣着开玩笑,并模仿她说话。
it is wrong to make fun of a cripple.
嘲笑残疾人是不对的。
it was miserable of you to make fun of him.
你取笑他,这是可耻的。
don't make fun of the disabled!
不要戏弄残疾人!
it's cruel to make fun of a cripple.
取笑瘸子是残忍的。
don't make fun of him.
别拿他开玩笑。
don't make fun of us.
别拿我们打哈哈。
备注:make fun of 只能作谓语 ,变成****** fun of 只能作主语,宾语,表语了。
i 自主学习。
lead-in 语法导入。
动词的 -ing 形式可分为动名词和现在分词两类。作为动名词,它有名词的基本性质,因此动名词可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语,宾语补足语和定语。本单元学习动名词做主语和宾语。
1.动名词做主语 (动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时,谓语动词用单数形式)
动名词做主语有三种形式:
1 动名词在句首直接做主语
2 it 在句首做形式主语,而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语
3 there be + no + 动名词。
1) 形式一动名词在句首直接做主语。
1sing) is his hobby.唱歌是他的爱好。
2play) computer games is a wate of time.玩电子游戏是浪费时间。
3drive) fast is dangerous.驾驶超速很危险。
归纳总结】动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数。
it 在句首做形式主语,而动名词在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语。
it is no use __wait ) here.在这儿等是没用。
it is worth/worthwhile___see) the movie.
用下划线画出下面句子的形式主语和真正的主语
①it was a waste of time reading that book.
②it is dangerous standing in the middle of the street.
is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?
3)there be + no + 动名词。
there was no knowing what he could do.
there is nojoke) about such matters..
动名词做宾语的六种情形:
作及物动词宾语
it 作形式宾语,代替动名词作
作动词词组的宾语
介词的宾语。
既可接doing 又可接to do 的动词,但意义不同
常接动名词的动词或动词短语。
作及物动词宾语。
would you mind opening the window? the girl practises playing violin every evening.作介词宾语。
since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice.
he always thinks much before doing anything. it 作形式宾语,代替动名词。
i found it pleasant walking along the river after supper.
do you consider it necessary trying again?
we look forward tostudy )in university.
接doing的动词:
want, wish, hope, ask, help, refuse, learn, demand, choose, decide, plan, manage, pretend, afford ..
常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:
考虑建议盼原谅,consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon
承认推迟没得想,admit, delay / put off , fancy
避免错过继续练,**oid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise
否认完成停能赏,deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate
不禁介意准逃亡,can’t help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape
不准冒险凭想象。forbid , risk , imagine
注: need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-ing形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。
the radio needs / requires / wantsrepair).
5)接doing 又可接to do 的动词:
a 意义基本一样,如like, love, hate, begin, start, prefer, attempt
b 意义明显不一样,如remember, forget, regret, mean, stop, try, want, need
i forget to take the medicine. 我忘记吃那个药。
i forget taking the medicine. 我忘记把那个药吃了。
they stopped to talk. 他们停下来开始讲话。
they stopped talking.他们停止讲话。
既跟动词ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:
双方一旦开始,不论喜欢与否,都得继续下去。
不管记住与否,努力打算停止,后悔三个需要。
begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continue.
remember, forget, try, mean, stop, regret,
want, need, require
6)常接动名词的动词或动词短语。
a. 此类动词有:admit, **oid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest...如:
we’re considering paying a visit to the science museum.
it can **oid damaging the environment or people's health.
3.检测。let's h**e a competion
1collect)stamps is his hobby.
was a waste of time __read)that book.
读那本书是浪费时间。
it worthwhilequarrel) with her?
was no __know) what he could do.
他能做什么很难说。
you mind___open) the window?
girl practicesplay) violin every evening. 那个姑娘每晚练习拉小提琴。
then, he has devoted his life to __find) ways to grow more and more rice.
一直以来他都在致力于寻找生产更多水稻的发法。
8. i found it pleasantwalk) along the river after supper.
我发现饭后在河边散步是及其美妙的。
look forward to___study ) in university.
我们盼望在大学里面学习。
4.归纳。v+ing
1.动名词做主语 (动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时,谓语动词用单数形式)
动名词做主语有三种形式:
① 动名词在句首直接做主语
② it 在句首做形式主语,动名词短语在后面做真正的主语
③ there be + no + 动名词。
2.做宾语的六种情形:
作及物动词宾语
it 作形式宾语,代替动名词作真正的宾语
作动词词组的宾语
介词的宾语。
既可接doing 又可接to do 的动词,但意义不同
常接动名词的动词或动词短语。
5.课后练习。
根据括号内的汉语提示, 完成下列句子。
1read)in the library is a bad habit. 在图书馆大声阅读是一种不好的习惯。
2). it’s no usetalk). 像这样谈话是徒劳无用的。
3). in my mindattend ) will be the only way to become a world-class writer. 在我看来,进入那所著名的大学学习是成为世界顶尖作家的唯一方法。
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