5.表因果关系的：
because（不与so连用）, as（由于，因为），so, therefore（因此）, as a result (结果) ，thanks to（多亏）, because of/as a result of （由于）, without, with the help of...在…的帮助下）
6.表进行举例说明：
for example+句子（意思是：例如）可以用于句中，句首，句尾；such as…and so on
7.表陈述事实：
in fact事实上 as a matter of fact 事实上，actually实际上，in other words，换句话说，that is to say，就是说。
8.表达自己观点：
as far as i know / as far as i am concerned ; in my opinion ，to tell the truth 说实话 ；to be honest 诚实地说，generally speaking 通常来说这些短语一般都用于最后一段的开头，用来陈述自己的观点。
9.表总结：
in short（总之）、 in a word（总之）.一般也用于最后一段表示总结。
10. as is known to （us） all ，as we know .（据我所知），it is said /reported that + 句子据说/报道…
recently 最近用于作文开头，其后一般用现在完成时态。
with the development of the …随着…的发展等连接词或者短语（一般用于句首，用于陈述事实）
二、句型的多样化。
1．运用状语从句，宾语从句和定语从句。
时间状语从句：when,while， not…until, as soon as，before，after，since
目的状语从句：so that+clause; to do（为了）
结果状语从句：so…that+clause, too…to do（太……以至于……）
条件状语从句：if, unless（除非）, as long as（只要）
让步状语从句：though（尽管，不与but连用）, although（尽管，不与but连用）, even though(即使), even if（即使）no matter what/when/where/who/which/how （无论…）
2. 开头运用介词短语，分词短语。
with the help of /without/under the control of / to one’s surprise/joy
3. 运用感叹句，被动语态，谚语。
what +(a/an)+adj+n
how+adj/adv…
as the old saying goes: no pain, no gain./practice makes perfect /nobody is perfect.
where there is a will, there is a way. /well begun is half done.好的开端是成功的一半。
nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
世上无难事，只要肯登攀。
it never rains but it pours.祸不单行。
actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
many hands make light work. 众人拾柴火焰高。
4. 一些万能句型：
i suggest / advice that you should do 我建议你做…
it’s best to do 最好做…
you had better (not) do 最好(不)做。
i will work hard to make my dream come true.
i hope your dream will come true one day.
it takes sb. +时间+to do…
sb. spend（某种人称时态）+时间/钱+on sth./ in) doing sth.
it’s important/necessary/useful/useless/common…(for sb.) to v…
it’s nice/kind of sb. to v..
it’s time for sb. to do sth.
it’s a waste of time to…
it’s …years/days since sb. +ved
it’s great fun to do=sb. h**e great fun doing
it’s a pity that…
i’m/we’re not allowed to …
there be …doing、to do
great changes h**e taken place in…
sth is/are well worth v-ing.
it seems/seemed that…
it is said/reported/ well known that…
there are many differences between … and …
i h**e made up my mind to …
i am not sure whether/if…
i would rather ….than …
it doesn’t matter if…
thank you for v-ing.
make a difference to 对…产生影响。
if everyone can make a contribution贡献 to the earth/ nature/ society, our life will be better and better.
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