英文句型。
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壹、基本句型。
1簡單句 ( ****** sentences )
簡單句有五種基本句型。
1) s + v[ i ] 主詞 + 不及物動詞 )
2) s + v[ i ] sc ( 主詞 + 不及物動詞 + 主詞補語 )
3) s + v[t ] o ( 主詞 + 及物動詞 + 受詞 )
4) s + v[t ] io + do( 主詞 + 及物動詞 + 間接受詞 + 直接受詞 )
5) s + v[t ] o + c ( 主詞 + 及物動詞 + 受詞 + 受詞補語 )
1) s + v[ i ]
time flies.
s vhe usually gets up early in the morning.
svjohn is talking aloud.
s vjohn and mary are singing and dancing happily in the party.
sv2) s+ v[i] +sc
miss liu is my english teacher.
s v sc
the le**es turn red in autumn.
s v sc
the students seem happy in their english class.
s v sc
to see is to believe.
s v sc
3) s + v[t] +o
boys and girls played soccer for fun and health.
sv obill always makes his own bed.
sv ohe always borrows my clothes .
s v o
our math teacher likes to play chess.
s v o4) s + v[t] +io + do
my boyfriend g**e me roses as my birthday present.
s v io do
i wrote my brother a letter last sunday.
s v io do
would you please pass me the salt?
sv io do
5) s + v[t] +o + oc
i consider you my best friend.
s v o oc
the bad news made us unhappy.
sv o oc
helen sometimes le**es her son alone at home.
sv o oc
2 複句 ( complex sentences )
1) 主要子句＋名詞子句
i find that you are very important to me.
s v 名詞子句(o)
whoever did this should be punished.
名詞子句(sv
2) 主要子句＋形容詞子句。
i spoke to the woman who owns the hotel.
關係子句 (修飾 woman)
the man who interviewed me was very nice.
關係子句 (修飾 man)
did you see the letter that came this morning?
關係子句 (修飾 letter)
the keys which were on this table h**e disappeared.
關係子句 (修飾 keys)
the reporter interviewed the people whose house caught fire.
關係子句 (修飾people)
what’s the name of the place where you spent your holiday last year?
關係子句 (具體表示地點)
is there a reason (why) you want to le**e now?
關係子句 (具體表示原因)
is there a time (when) we can meet?
關係子句 (具體表示時間)
3) 主要子句＋副詞子句。
while a policeman was patrolling the streets, he heard their cries for help.
副詞子句 (表示時間。
i didn’t go to school yesterday because i was sick.
副詞子句 (表示原因)
almost anyone can learn a foreign language well if he or she wants to.
副詞子句 (表示條件)
although i love money, i won’t do anything illegal to get it.
副詞子句 (表示讓步。
some people enjoy outdoor activities, whereas others like to stay indoors.
副詞子句 (表示對比)
3合句 ( compound sentences )
合句是由兩個或兩個以上簡單句合併而成。合句中的各簡單句彼此無主從之分。用來連接簡單句的有(1)對等連接詞、(2)對等連接詞片語、(3)副詞連接詞。
1) 常見的對等連接詞有and , or , but, for, yet, nor, so.
examples:
john is a doctor, and his wife is a teacher.
you must le**e earlier, or you won’t catch the bus.
i would like to go shopping with you, but i need to prepare for the test tomorrow.
2) 常見的對等連接詞片語有“not only…but also”、 either…or…”、neither…nor…”.
examples:
not only did they break into his office and steal his books, but they also tore up his manuscripts.
either mary is stupid, or she pretends that she is.
they h**e neither replied to my letters, nor h**e they answered my telephone calls.
3 ) 常見的副詞連接詞有 however, besides, therefore 等。
examples:
sharon stone is my f**orite movie star; however, i seldom h**e a chance to see her films.
nobody knows the truth; besides, nobody is br**e enough to dig out the truth.
the students h**e finished the experiment; therefore, they now feel relaxed.
4複合句 ( compound-complex sentences )
複合句是一個句子裡有兩個或兩個以上的主要子句以及一個或一個以上的從屬子句； 它可以是 (1) 複句 + 簡單句，也可以是 (2) 複句 + 複句。
(1) 複句 ＋ 簡單句。
複句簡單句。
say you are sorry, and i will not be angry with you.
(2) 複句 ＋ 複句。
複句複句。
i knew that bill was very rich, but i never knew that he spent money that way.
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