2023年中考英语知识点复习句型分类句型转换易错分类解析。
1. 若原句中有动词be
原句中含有be动词(am, is, are, was, were) 和助动词(h**e, has, had) 和情态动词(can, shall, will, may, should, would, might, had better等)时,要在动词后直接加not。如:
his mother has already called the police for help. (乌鲁木齐市中考题)
his mothercalled the police for help答案:hasn't, yet)
2. 若原句中没有动词be
原句中没有be动词,助动词或情态动词时,要在行为动词前加助动词(do, does, did)与否定副词not的缩写形式。另外,还需要将原句子中的some改为any; too改either;already改为yet。还需要分清do, h**e等是实义动词还是助动词。
如:the old man hurt his leg last wednesday. (西宁市中考题)
the old manhis leg last wednesday. (答案:didn't hurt)
3. 若原句中有不定代词。
原句中含有every, everything, all, both等不定代词或both…and…, a lot of 等短语时,与否定副词not连用属部分否定。把这些不定代词变成neither, none, no one或把both…and…变成neither…nor…时,才是全部否定。如:
both joy and sam like singing beijing opera. (新疆中考题)
joysam likes singing beijing opera.(答案:neither, nor)
4. 若原句为复合句。
在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,当主句的主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think时,如果要否定后面的宾语从句,习惯上否定主句的谓语动词。如:
i think she will come here soon. →i don't think she will come here soon
中考句型转换错误分析。
1. i think she is there.
误:i think she isn't there.
正:i don't think she is there.
析:英语中think, believe, expect, suppose等表示信念和揣测的动词,后接that从句时,习惯上将从句中的否定形式转移到主句上,即否定主句谓语,不否定从句谓语。
2. he can sing this song and that one.
误:he cannot sing this song and that one.
正;he cannot sing this song or that one.
析:肯定句中的连词and在否定句中一般要改为or。
3. tom went to school too.
误:tom didn't go to school too.
正:tom didn't go to school either.
析:too和also用于肯定句中时,否定句中用either替换。
4. he has had supper already.
误:he hasn't had supper already.
正:he hasn't had supper yet.
析:随着对谓语动词的否定,某些副词也要作相应的变动。
5. he had a good rest just now.
误:he hadn't a good rest just now.
正:he didn't h**e a good rest just now.
析:h**e在表示开会、吃饭、休息、进行体育锻炼等词组中是行为动词,否定句用助动词来完成。
6. let's do it.
误:let's don't do it.
正:don't let's do it.或let's not do it.
析:let后接的是不带to的不定式,变为否定式,直接在句首前加don't或在不定式前加not。
7. he always gets there on time.
误:he doesn't always get there on time.
正:he never gets there on time.
析:he doesn't always get there on time意为"他并非老是准时到那儿",是部分否定,习惯上把句中的副词改为相应的表示否定的副词即可。如:
it often rains here. it seldom rains here.
8. be here early tomorrow.
误:be not here early tomorrow.
正:don't be here early tomorrow.
析:祈使句的否定,一般在谓语动词前加do not的缩写don't。
9. you had better come.
误:you didn't h**e better come.
正:you had better not come.
析:had better相当于一情态动词,不可分割,因此not应放在其后。would rather也是如此。
10. both tom and xiao ping went to school.
误:both tom and xiao ping didn't go to school.
正:neither tom nor xiao ping went to school.
析:一个句子中如果有不定代词both,all, every改为否定式时,要把这些不定代词改为相应的表示否定的代词。
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