2009-02-21 16:36
典型陷阱题分析◆
1. _that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
a. it was we being late b. it was our being late
c. it was we were too late d. it was because we were late
陷阱】此题容易误选d，认为强调的是原因状语从句 because we were late。
分析】但实际上，此题的答案为b，强调的是句子主语 our being late，此题若还原成非强调句，即为：
our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
注意，强调句的一个显著特点是，若去掉强调结构 it is [was]… that…，句子仍然成立；换句话说，该结构中的 that 不能充当句子成分。
2. “how was __they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” totally by chance.”
a. it that b. he that
c. it when d. he which
陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。
分析】答案选a，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：
it was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.
比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：
1) who was it __s**ed the drowning girl?
a. since b. as c. thatd. he
答案选c，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 it was tom that s**ed the drowning girl. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的tom 提问而得）。
2) what is it __his daughter needs most?
a. what b. which c. thatd. if
答案选c，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 it is a bike that his daughter needs most. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的a bike 提问而得）。
3. _was very __that little jim wrote the letter.
a. it, careful b. it, carefully
c. he, careful d. he, carefully
陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，但最有可能误选的可能是a，认为这是一个普通的系表结构，即认为第二空要填形容词作表语。
分析】其实，此题是一个强调句，其非强调形式为 little jim wrote the letter very carefully. 若用 it is … that… 的强调句式强调其中的状语 very carefully 即为上面一题的题干，所以答案应选b。请看下面几例，也属强调结构：
1) it was when she was about to go to bed __the telephone rang.
a. since b. as c. thatd. then
答案选c，被强调成分为 when she was about to go to bed 这一时间状语从句。
2) it may h**e been at christmas __john g**e mary a handbag.
a. before b. who c. thatd. when
答案选c，被强调成分为 at christmas，其中的动词 be 采用了 may h**e been 这一较为复杂的形式。
4. “where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” it was in the hall __the students often h**e a meeting.
”a. where b. which
c. that d. when
陷阱】很可能误选c，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall。
分析】假若选c，即有 it was in the hall that the students often h**e a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的？”假若将答句改为 it was in the hall that i found the professor，则完全可以。
其实，此题的最佳答案是a，where the students often h**e a meeting 为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”，这样语意就通顺了。
5. it was what he meant rather than what he said __annoyed me.
a. which b. as
c. what d. that
陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that (即选d)，被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said。句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。请再看两例：
1) it was his nervousness in the interview __probably lost him the job.
a. which b. since c. that d. what
答案选c，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。
2) it is the ability to do the job __matters not where you come from or what you are.
a. one b. that c. what d. it
答案选b，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。
6. it was in the small house __was built with stones by his father __he spent his childhood.
a. which, that b. that, which
c. which, which d. that, where
陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是分不清为强调句型，或即使分清为强调句型，也分不清强调哪一个成分。
分析】答案选a，第一空填 which，用以引导定语从句；第二空填that，为强调句的结构词，被强调部分为 in the small house (以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built with stones by his father)。此题难就难在强调句型中套用了定语从句。请再看类似例子：
1) it was the boy __had been in prison __stole the money.
a. who, where b. that, how
c. who, that d. that, which
此题答案选c，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 the boy (以及修饰它的定语从句who had been in prison)。
2) it was just in the room __he was born __he died.
a. where, which b. that, that
c. where, that d. which, that
此题答案选c，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 in this room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。
7. was it five o’clock __the fire broke out?
a. when b. that
c. which d. in which
陷阱】容易误选b，误认为这是强调句。
分析】其实，此题应选a，这不是强调句。因为在强调句中，若去掉强调句的结构词 it is [was]…that…，句子结构仍然完整，但此句不是这样，若去掉结构词，即为 five o’clock the fire broke out，句子不完整，但若在five o’clock前加上介词at则可以，因为 at five o’clock 用作时间状语。此题选a可分析为：
it 表时间，when the fire broke out 为时间状语从句，全句意为“火灾是5点钟发生的吗？”比较下面一题（答案选b，为强调句）：
was it at five o’clock __the fire broke out?
a. when b. that
c. which d. in which
8. “was it under the tree __you were away talking to a friend?” sure.
but when i got back there, the bike was gone.
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