初三英语语法复习（一）
冠词。1、不定冠词a, an的用法。
1）用在单数可数名词前，泛指一类人或事物的一个或一类。（miss gao is a teacher.）
2）泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人，何物。（i borrowed a dictionary from the library.）
3）表示数量，但语气不如one强。（the elephant has a long nose and two big teeth.）
4）表示单位，相当于“每”。（we h**e five english classes a week.）
5）用在固定词组中。（a few, a piece of, a pair of, in a hurry, a couple of, go on a diet, h**e a history of，in a hurry, take a short shower, half a mile= a half mile, half an hour = a half hour,two hours and a half= two and a half hours ）
6）在以元音字母发音开头单词前用an。（an hour, an american, an eye, an old man, an unusual man, an artist, an international school, an important experience, an exhibition, an ‘h’, an architect ）
(7) 以辅音字母发音开头单词前用a (a useful guidebook, a used car, a european country, a university, a one-day trip
(8) 一轮： a bright moon, a full moon, a new moon
2、定冠词the的用法。
1) 谈话双方都知道的人和物。（where is the book? it’s in the desk.）
2) 特指某（些）人和某（些）事物。（what’s the weather like? the girl in red is my sister, the singer over there ）
3) 复述上文提到的人和物。（i borrowed a picture book yesterday. the book is very interesting. ）
4) 用在表示世界上独一无二的事物上。（the sun, the moon, the earth, the world, the sky ）
5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（the first one is the longest of all.）
在序数词前有时可用a/an“又一”
(6) 由普通名词构成的专有名词前。( the great wall, the people’s park)
7) 用在江河、山脉、湖泊等的名词前。（the west hill, the west lake, the yangtze river, the pacific ocean ）
8) 用在乐器名称前。（play the piano）
9) 和姓氏的复数形式一起表示全家。（the greens）
(10) 用在很多习惯用法中。（in the morning, the high jump, the day after tomorrow, make the bed, lay the table ）
11) 用在表示方位左右等词前。(on the left, in the southeast)
12) 与形容词连用表示一类人。( the rich, the young, the disabled, the good, the beautiful, the unknown, the unemployed)
13) 作比较突出比较级 ( the taller of the two students)
14) 国家 ( the united states of america, the united kingdom, the statue of liberty)
15) 动词+宾语+介词+the + 身体部位 (he took the thief by the hand.)
16) 在…..day 表示某某节日一般不加冠词，我国传统节日，….festival 加the (the spring festival, national day)
3、不用冠词的情况。
1）专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前。（china, homework, wood）
2）在表示一类人或一类事物的复数名词前。（li lei’s parents are both teachers.）
3）名词前面已有用作定语的this,that,my,your, some,any 等代词。( that book is on her desk.)
4) 在节日、假日、星期几、月份、季节等名词前。（teachers’ day, monday, june, summer）
5）在称呼语、表示头衔、职务的名词前。（li lei, mr. smith, doctor black）
6）在一日三餐或球类运动前。（h**e breakfast / lunch / supper, play basketball / volleyball / football）
7）在某些固定词组里的名词前。（in bed, at noon, go to work, go to school, go to church, at home,lose weight ）
4、词组比较。
in hospital （住院） in the hospital （在医院）
in front of （在前面） in the front of （前部）
out of question（没有问题）out of the question （不可能）
at table （进餐） at the table （坐在桌子旁）
make beds （作床） make the bed （整理床铺）
巩固练习。i. 真题（10/12没考）
1. there is __report in today’s news*****. it’s about the international film festival, shanghai.
(2005)
a) ab) anc) thed) /
2. the old lady teaches children to play __piano at a weekend school. (2006)
a) ab) anc) thed) /
3. some girls get sick after they try so hard to loseweight. （2007）
a) ab) thecd) an
4. linda always takes __active part in sports after school.（08）
ab) ac) and) the
5. can i h**e __look at the photo of your pen friend? (2009)
a. a b. an cd. the
6. this novel can make you laugh and cry at __same time. (11)
a) ab) anc) thed) /
ii. 模拟卷。
1. “geili” has become __unusual word this year.
a) ab) anc) thed) /
2. every time we went to the shanghai expo we spent __couple of hours there.
a) ab) anc) thed) /
3. there are many p**ilions within the expo siteone in red is china p**ilion.
a) ab) anc) thed) /
4. this is __useful guidebook. i borrowed it from the school library.
a) anbc) ad) the
5. more and more young people are trying to do something for __old.
a) ab) anc) thed) /
6. it’s __pleasure for me to be invited to play the piano at the concert.
a) ab) anc) thed) /
7. the young kid has learnt to makebed by himself.（普）
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