中考复习---单词拼写。
一. 复习方法。
1. 掌握广州市初中毕业生学业考试指导书的词汇表。要牢记这些单词,打下坚固的基础。同时要注意很多考生习惯于看着课本记单词,这容易导致单词记忆上的缺漏。
2. 全方位地去记单词。仅仅记住单词拼写和词义是远远不够的,还应记住它的词性,发音和搭配用法。这有这样才能正确地判断应填对待词性和词形。
3. 需要特别记忆的单词:星期,月份,四季,数词(如:
eighth, ninth…),家人亲戚(如:daughter, uncle…),过去式或分词双写尾字母的动词(如:stop, plan, refer…),不规则变化的动词(如:
lie作“说谎”讲时,是规则的;作“位于”讲时,其过去式是lay,过去分词是lain,现在分词都是lying),名词复数变化(如:german—germans, half—halves, leaf—le**es, knife—knives, life—lives, thief—thieves, wife—wives, mouse—mice, foot—feet, tooth—teeth, child—children, tomato, potato, hero等有生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es),动词变名词时的拼写变化(如下表)
形容词变名词时的拼写变化(如:long—length, high—height, strong—strength),形容词变副词时的拼写变化(如:以-ble结尾的形容词变副词时,去e加y,如:
possible—possibly, terrible—terribly)。
二.解题技巧。
1 读懂句意,确定单词。
先通览全句了解大意。努力从中找到一些解题提示来帮助确定所填的单词。
例] the f___day of the week is sunday.
解析:该句意为一周的第一天的星期天,需要填的词的首字母是f,根据常识和序数词有关知识应填第一,故填first。此类题目还可考月份,如:
september is the n___month of the year.
2 瞻前顾后,确定形式。
根据题意确定所需单词。确定单词后,要根据题意确定所选单词的词形,要考虑名词的可数与不可数,可数名词要注意单,复数形式;形容词或副词的比较等级的变化;动词是构成句子的重要部分,它的时态,语态,非谓语动词的各种形式比较复杂,应该在做题时作出恰当的选择,同时惯用法,固定搭配也是重点考查内容之一。现分类说明如下:
1. 名词。
一般考虑单,复数形式和所有格。
例1] do you like white? we h**e shirts of different c___
解析:根据句意,可确定单词为color,通过前面的shirts和different两词可确定此处应用colors。
例2] september 10th is t___day.
解析:根据句意,确定单词为teacher,它与day之间存在所有格关系,将teacher变为复数,再变为所有格,应填teachers’。
2. 形容词和副词。
这两类词考生极易混淆,做题时应仔细分析,慎重选择究竟用哪类词,有时还要考虑到形容词和副词级的变化。
例1] he was very a___with the man upstairs and began to shout, “stop singing!”
解析:根据句意,这里应该用固定搭配be angry with, 此处应填形容词原级angry。
例2] on sundays, children play h___in the park.
解析:此处应填副词happily,副词修饰动词。
3. 动词。
动词变化形式较为复杂,一般有五种:动词原形,第三人称单数形式,现在分词,过去式和过去分词。可综合考查考生运用英语知识的能力。
例1] thank you very much for l___me your bike.
解析:介词后动词用-ing形式,故填lending。
例2] when he was ten, he became i___in maths.
解析:become interested in为固定搭配,意为对…感兴趣,故此处应填interested。
4. 数词。
注意确定用基数词还是序数词。
例1] there are __months in a year.
解析:此处应填基数词twelve。
例2] december is the t___month of the year.
解析:此处应填序数词twelfth。
5. 代词。
主要从人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,不定代词或疑问代词几方面考虑,有时还考虑用单数还是复数形式。
例1] help y___to some fish, john.
解析:根据句意,此处应填yourself。
例2] “help y___to some fish, please.” mrs. green said to the twins.
解析:根据句意,the twins为复数,故填yourselves。
6. 连词。
若前后两个词或句子存在转折,因果,并列,选择等关系,一般应填连词。
例1] she didn’t go to school yesterday b___she was ill.
解析:从句和主句互为因果关系,故填because。
例2] the football match went on t___it was raining he**ily.
解析:该从句为让步状语从句,故应填though。
(2010 广州) 单词拼写。
1. when will you come back, dad? i m___you so much.
2. after the examinations, i need to take a good r___
3. the concert last night wasn’t very good. before it ended, the theatre was almost e__
4. there weren’t enough chairs in the meeting room, so some of the students had to s___on.
5. tomorrow is my cousin’s birthday. i’m going to buy a g___for her.
2009 广州) 根据句子意思和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。
1. -where is your mum, ben?
---she is busy cooking d___in the kitchen.
2. sorry, it’s noisy here and i can’t h___what you said. could you please say it again?
3. your new school bag looks very nice. how much did you p___for it?
4. can you give me a hand, please? the cupboard is too h___to move by myself.
5. hurry up, or you’ll be l___for school.
2008 广州) 根据句子意思和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。
1. would you lend me your phone, please? i need to give dad a c___to tell him the good news.
2. it’s quite warm today. you needn’t w___your jacket, d**id.
3. look! how d___your hands are! go and wash them right now.
4. be qpeter, or we’ll miss the last bus to our school.
5. -can i h**e a drink?
---please help ythere is some orange juice in the fridge.
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