中考英语阅读理解分类解读。
——兼选编2023年各地中考英语阅读理解试题。
山东张贵福。
文章**：2023年下半年度《试题与研究》
一、人物故事类
【命题趋势】
人物故事以记述人物生平故事为主。体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。
命题以细节为主，推理为辅。近年来，人物传记类阅读文章在高中阅读理解题中有所减少。
【应试对策】
人物故事类文章多为记叙文，为了支撑所要描述的人物，短语往往会出现大量细节，这些细节有时很直接，理解字面意思即可，有时则很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能判断。准确理解细节是做好这类题的关键。那么，怎样准确理解细节呢？
首先，从问题中找到关键词；然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中迅速找细节；找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读，认真比较选项和文中细节的区别；最后，在正确理解细节的前提下，确定最佳答案。 典型考题】
when we asked students what they want to be, they often talk about unusual jobs, things like teachers and doctors. but if you think about it, many people don’t plan to do their jobs. they just start doing them by accident.
we h**e talked to two people with unusual jobs.
emily is a dentist but she doesn’t work with people. she works with horses. after university she took care of animal’s health for several years, but she notices that there were few people who could help horses’ teeth.
she deicide to go to college and study again. then she had to buy special tools, but she is never out of work. she’d always very busy taking care of horses’ teeth.
“i couldn’t be a dentist for people now,” emily said, “because i really enjoy working with horses.”
as soon as d**id could read, he read books about robots, but the robots he build today don’t look like the strange robot people in his books. he build robots for industry. early one he made up his mind to study math, science and computers so that he could break into the world of robot engineering.
“some of the math is very difficult.” say d**id, “but you must study math to be an engineer.” fortunately he got top marks in all his math exams.
1. emily doesn’t want to be a dentist because
a. the pay is lowb. she has to buy special tools
c. she will be out of workd. she likes working with horses
2. to become a robot engineer, d**id
a. need to worryb. bought a lot of robots
c. had to study hard d. didn’t h**e to go to college
3. d**id got top marks in all his math exams, although
a. math was not easy to study
b. he has to study math to be an engineer
c. he could break into the world of robot engineering
d. he made up his mind to study math, science and computers
2023年天津市初中毕业生学业考试试卷）
one day when jack was walking in the park, he saw a woman, who lived a few miles away, sitting on a bench with a dog beside her. the dog was looking up at the woman.
jack walked up to the woman and said, "hello, sue, how are you? may i sit and talk with you for a while?" of course, please sit down," sue said.
jack sat down next to sue on the bench, and they talked quietly together. the dog continued to look up at sue, as if waiting to be fed.
"that's a nice dog, isn't he?" jack said, pointing at the animal.
"yes, he is. he's handsome. he's a bit of a mixture, but that's not a bad thing.
he's strong and healthy."
"and hungry, "jack said." he hasn't taken his eyes off you. he thinks you've got some food for him.
""that's true, "sue said." but i h**en't."
they both laughed and then jack said, "does your dog bite?"
"no, "sue said, "he's never bitten anyone. he's always gentle and friendly."
hearing this, jack decided to hold out his hand and touched the animal's head. suddenly it jumped up and bit him.
"hey!" jack shouted." you said your dog didn't bite."
sue replied in surprise, "yeah, i did. but this is not my dog. my dog's at home."
dog looked at the woman because
a. the woman wanted to feed him
b. the woman was friendly
c. he was strong and healthy
d. he was hungry
and sue were
a. friends b. next-door neighbors
c. strangers d. in the same family
6. jack touched the dog because he believed
a. the dog was handsome
b. sue's dog was unfriendly
c. the dog belonged to sue
d. sue's dog was at home
can infer form the passage that
a. sue g**e a wrong answer
b. jack made a mistake
c. the dog wasn't dangerous
d. both jack and sue liked the dog
8. which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
a. a wrong question b. sue's dog
c. a pleasant meeting d. sue's friend
2023年武汉市初中毕业生学业考试）
参***：1~5 dca da 6~8 cba
二、社会文化类。
【命题趋势】
语言是社会文化的重要载体。学习英语的目的之一就是“提高初步运用英语进行交际的能力，增强对外国文化，特别是英语国家文化的了解”。因此，社会文化类试题出现在高考试卷中是必然的。
社会文化类文章的命题有以下趋势：
1.以中西文化差异作为选材的重点。如礼仪、语言、生活习惯、世界观、价值观等为主题。题材涉及社会、文化、教育、体育等方面的内容。
2.一般一篇文章一个主题。以议**、记叙文居多。
3.命题方面，既重主旨把握，又重特定细节，时有推断。
【应试对策】
对英语语言、社会、文化的了解是一个长期的过程，在复习时要注意：
1.重视英语词汇、语法和习惯用法的掌握。
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