状语从句。
序号1知识要点。
as引导从句时侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的,也可以是短暂的。意为”当……时,一边……一边,随着”。sometimes i watch tv as i am h**ing breakfast.they sang as they danced at the the day went on, the weather got worse.
注意:with也有“随着”的意思,但它是介词,其后不能跟句子。when的用法(1)当(2)就在那时(3)在…情况下,既然(4)本该…而却when常用于以下句型中:
…was/were doing…when…(正在做…这时)
…was/were about to do…when…(正要做…这时)
…was/were on the point of doing…when…(刚要做…这时)④…had just done…when….(刚一…就)
hardly/scarcely had…done…when…(刚一…就)
已掌握。需巩固。
while的用法(1)当,在…时候(主从句试题)(2)趁着(3)而(4)虽然(句首)as的用法(1)当,一边…一边(2)随着(3)因为,由于(4)像,按照(4)as…as (5)虽然(倒装结构)(6)定语从句中用法(见定语从句)as作“像’”按照、像”平衡句子结构用法:hesingswell,asdomanyofhis colleagues.
it’s/ has been +段时间+since…did (动词为短暂性,句子是顺译及延续性时,句子是倒译)
it was +时间点+when…(当……的时候时间是)
it was 5 am when we arrived at the was/will be+时间段+before…(过了…才)it was/will be two weeks before we met/meet is /has been +时间段+since…(自从…以来有…)
引导时间状语从句的名词性短语等:the day/week/year; the first time/last time/next time/every time/by the time…;
immediately/directly/instantly+从句;themoment/theinstant/theminute+从句?
hardly/scarcely/barely…when…; no sooner…than…
hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than这一结构的时态搭配:hardly/scarcely与nosooner引导的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时,而when与than引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。如果hardly, scarcely, nosooner置于句首,句子必须用倒装结构。
not…until还有强调式和倒装式:
强调句:it is not until he returns home that she will go to bed.倒装句:
not until he returns home will she go to bed.注:till一般不放在句首,也不用在以上强调句和倒装句中。
时间、条件、让步状语从句中的主将从现(时态),从句中可用一般现在时或现在完成时;
引导地点状语从句:where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere注意区分where引导的地点状语从句和定语从句。如引导的是定语从句,则前面一定有地点名词作为先行词。
because/ since/ as/ for的区别:
because表直接的原因或理由,着重点在从句;
since表示人们已知的事实,不需强调的原因,常放在句首;
as表示十分明显的原因,说明因果关系,着重点在主句,语气较弱,常译成由于。
for作并列连词,常用来补充说明原因或用来表示推断的依据,前面常带逗号,且位于句中。
as you didn’tturn up at yesterday’s get-together, we missed youvery much.
it must h**e rained last night, for the ground is wet.除了状语从句外,一些介词短语同样可以表示原因,如becauseof,thanksto, owing to, due to, on account of, as a result of等。
表原因的连词还有:now that;in that;seeing that;given (that);considering (that)
so/such…that…和so/such…as的区别(见语法复习之定语从句).
it is such an advanced theory that few people understand it.(结果状语从句)
it is such an advanced theory as few people understand.(定语从句)
so + adj./adv. +that
so + adj. +a/an +单数名词+ that
so + many \much \few \little +n. +thatsuch + a/an + adj. +单数名词+ that
such + adj. +复数名词或不可数名词+ that
the same….as与the same…that区别(见定语从句)
the same place where….(先行词place在从句中充当地点状语)so that引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句的区别sothat引导目的状语从句时,从句的谓语部分常有can,could,may,might,will, would;
引导结果状语从句时,从句的谓语部分一般没有这类词。
they started earlyso thatthey might arrive in time.
he made a wrong decision,so thathalf of his property was lost.条件状语从句常见连词:if,unless,as/solongas(只要),onconditionthat(条件是),incase(万一),forfearthat(唯恐),providing/providedthat(倘若……,在……条件下),suppose/supposingthat(假如,如果有……)the+比较级……,the+比较级……。
关注before, after用法:介词用法before/after doing(being done);连词用法before/after+句子asif/though引导的方式状语从句陈述及虚拟;asif/though+doing/done/to do /adj. /pp.
等结构;
从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反;有时也可用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。
he looksas if/as thoughhe had been hit by lightning.(与事实相反,用虚拟语气)
it looksas if/ as thoughthe weather may pick up very soon. (可能性较大,用陈述语气)no matter +疑问词,(如:no matter what, no matter when, no matterwhere,…)用来引导让步状语从句。
疑问词+ever (如:whatever, whoever, whichever,…)既可引导状语从句,也可引导名词性从句,它们之间可转换。
22引导让步状语从句的连词有:
although, while, even if, even though
although,while常位于句首,though既可用于正常语序,也可用于倒装结构。
引导让步状语从句,从句部分用倒装语序。
句型为:形容词\副词\名词(不带冠词)\动词(原形)+ as +主语+其他表示让步还可用介词短语despite或in spite of或for all his efforts, he failed.
23句型:as….,so is / do / does……a is to b as/what c is to d.
24a与b的比较句型:a….twice larger than b.
/a…twice as large as
b./a…twice the size of b./a…twice what从句。
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