末段一般是总结全文，照应题目，点明主旨，深化中心。简洁、有力的末段可以为文章锦上添花。末段的写作可尝试使用以下四种方法：
一、归纳总结法。
归纳总结法指的是以文章前面的论述为依据，引出或重申文章的中心思想或结论。归纳总结法常用素材有：
1. to sum up, _canbenefitus tremendously if correctly used.总而言之，如果运用得当，__会让我们受益匪浅。
2. therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that __因此，不难得出以下结论：__3.
recognizing the fact that __will lead us to conclude that __承认___这一事实，我们能得出以下结论：__4. the evidence upon all sides supports/confirms/leadsto a conclusion that __各方面的证据支持/表明/得出这样一个结论：
__5. from what has been discussed above/based on the points discussed above, we can draw/arrive at the conclusion that __综上所述，我们能得出如下结论：__6.
in summary/conclusion/a word, it is important that we should __总之，我们应该___这一点很重要。7. taking into account all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that___考虑到所有因素，我们得出结论：
__二、名言引用法。
1. the saying __has been widely accepted throughout the world.
名言___在世界范围内被普遍接受。
2we are used to hearing such words like those.
我们常常听到这样的说法。
3such is the opinion of a great man. this remark has been confirmed time and time again by many historical events
这是一位伟大的人物的观点。该言论已经被许多历史事件反复验证。
4. as the proverb goes正如谚语___所说。
5. there is anenglishproverb which says that __有一个英语谚语___
6. there is an old sayingit is the experience of our forefathers, however, it is correct in many cases even today.
古语道这是前辈的经验，但在今天许多情况下也适用。
7is the opinion held by___this remark has been confirmed time and again by more and more people是___的观点，而且被越来越多的人反复证实。
三、提出建议法。
提出建议法是指对所讨论的问题提出建设性的意见或者解决问题的具体方法。提出建议法常用素材有：
1. it might be time to hear the warnings of some economists.该是听听一些经济学家的警告的时候了。
2. it is time that we put/urged animmediateend to the undesirable situation/tendency of __该是结束___这种讨厌的情况/趋势的时候了。3.
therefore, in order to __effective means should be taken to __所以，为了___必须采取有效措施来___4. it is high time that___here are some of the things that might be taken up immediately. 该是___的时候了。
这里有几项措施可以立即着手执行。5. it is suggested that the government should make efforts to __人们建议**应该做出努力去___6.
in short/in any case, we should/ought to/must __总之/无论如何，我们应该/必须___the seriousness of the problem is the first step toward the solution.意识到这个问题的严重性是解决问题的第一步。8.
while it cannot be solvedimmediately, still there are ways. the most important is __another way is __尽管问题不能立即得到解决，但是还是有方法。最重要的是___还有___
四、**展望法。
1. the significance of __cannot be overvalued. _的意义重大。
2. what will happen to __nobody really knows. but one thing is certain会发生什么事情？
没有人确切知道。但有一件事可以肯定：__
3. following these suggestions may not guarantee success, but the payoff might be worth the effort. it will not only benefit __but also benefit __也许这些建议并不能保证取得成功，但是值得一试。
它不但会造福___而且也会使___受益。
4. to reverse the trend is not a light task. it requires a goodawarenessof __要想扭转这一趋势并非易事。
这需要充分意识到___
5. people are coming to realize the importance of __some h**e begun to try their best to __we believe that __人们开始意识到___的重要性。许多人已经开始竭力___我们相信___
6. it is clear/obvious/evident/apparent that __therefore, the task of __requires/demands/involves __很显然，__因此，要完成___的任务必须___
7. with the improvement ofwill prove to hold great superior over __随着___的改善，__将证明比___更具优越性。
8. there is a growing tendency for people these days to __which i believe will not change in a short time.现在，人们___的趋势正在增加，而且我认为短时间内这种趋势不会改变。
9. if everyone is willing tocontributehimself to the society, it will be better and better.如果人人都愿意为社会做出贡献，社会将变得越来越美好。
10. anyhow, whether it is positive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly __不管它的作用是积极的还是消极的，可以肯定的是它必将___
11. whatever you do, please remember the saying __if you understand it andapplyit to your study or work, you’ll necessarilybenefita lot from it.不管你做什么，请记住这句老话：
__只要你懂得它的意思，并将其应用到学习或工作中，你定将受益匪浅。
12. the influence of __is not confined to___it also __
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