become,grow,go,get,run,turn等系动词辨析及搭配用法。
常见的“变成”类系动词有become, get, come, go, grow, fall, turn, run等,都表示从一种状态到另一种状态。即使意思都差不多,但搭配有差别,若不注意,使用时会出错。我们要注意以下几个方面。
1. 形容词作表语。
go和come是一对相反的词。''go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情,而''come+adj.''表示好的事情。如:
in hot weather, meat goes bad. things will come righ in the end.
go与come前面的主语一般是物。如: 误:she goes famous. 正:she becomes(gets) famous.
表语为mad,crazy(古怪的),blind, lame或表示颜色的词,go前面的主语能够是人。如:
he went mad. hearing this, she went red.
run后面接short,dry, low, deep等词,主语多为能流动,能消耗掉的东西。如:
their money was running short. still waters run deep.
但wild作表语,主语能够是人,如: don't let the children run wild.
grow与run相对,接表示人或物特征的静态形容词,也接表示天气的形容词,侧重于“逐渐变成”。如:the girl grew thinner and thinner.
soon the sky grew light.
turn多接表示颜色的形容词,也接表示天气的形容词,它侧重变得与以前完全不同。如:
the man turned blue with fear. the weather suddenly turned much colder.
fall接asleep, silent等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词,但不能接形容词比较级。如: she fell ill froom cold.
(误)she fell from cold. (正)she got worse.
fall short(没中),fall apart(散开),fall flat(没效果),可作成语记住。
''get+adj.''是口语,用得广泛,get能替代become, become较正式,get与become前面的主语既能够是人又能够是物。如:
he became(got) angry. his coat has become(got) badly torn.
get较多地与形容词比较级连用。如: the days are getting longer and longer.
注意:become一般不用于“将来成为”的意思。如(误)i hope you will become well.(正)i hope you will get well.
2. become, turn, get, go, fall能用名词作表语,其它的则不能。如:
his dream has become(got) a reality. he has turned scientist. he has gone socialist.
he fell(a) victim to cancer.
注意:go, turn后面的名词通常不带冠词。
3. become, get, grow能接过去分词,并且come和go多接有否定前缀的过去分词。“get+过去分词”表示一次行为:
“become+过去分词”表示事情发生的最后结果。如:
the string comes untied. his report went unnoticed. the fence gets white——washed every year.
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