动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。此外，英语动词的变化较多，形式颇为复杂，是英语学习的难点之一。历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点，在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。
笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析，归纳常考动词十五类，供大家参考。
一、连系动词类。
连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种：
1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。
2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。
3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep, come, run, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。
4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear, seem, look等。
连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如：
the mixture is tasted terrible.（误）
the mixture tastes terrible（正）
jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in.（误）
jim pretended to fall /be asleep when his mother came in.（正）
i'm feeling much better than ever before.
it was getting darker and darker. besides, a cold rain began to fall.
【高考例题】
(1) -do you like the material? -yes, it __very soft. (nmet94)
a. is feeling b. felt c. feels d. is felt
(2) why don't you put the meat in the fridge? it will __fresh for several days. (nmet 03)
a. be stayed b. stay c. be staying d. h**e stayed
(3) the pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain __as the plane was ****** a landing. (04春季高考上海卷）
a. seat b. seating c. seated d. to be seating
(4) be careful when you cross this very busy street. if not, you may __run over by a car. (02高考北京卷）
a. h**e b. get c. become d. turn
(5) happy birthday, alice. so you h**e __twenty-one already. (04天津卷）
a. become b. turned c. grown d. passed
(6) sarah, hurry up. i'm afraid you can't h**e time to __before the party. (04全国卷ii)
a. get changed b. get change c. get changing d. get to change
(7) 0n hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she __pale. (04湖北卷）
a. got b. changed c. went d. appeared
(8 )the flowers __sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. (04上海卷）
a. to smell b. smelling c. smelt d. to be smelt
(9) although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health __poor. (02春上海卷）
a. proves b. remains c. maintains d. continues
(10) i love to go to the seaside in summer. it __good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.
a. does b. feels c. gets d. makes
（key: cbcbb acbbb）
二、感官动词类。
常考的感官动词有see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find, catch等。感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。
1．后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作。
i often heard the song sung, but i h**e never heard you sing it.
when you go to watch the football watch, you will enjoy seeing the chinese football team win.
2．后接v-ing形式表正在进行的动作。
seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
hearing this, i felt my heart beating fast.
3．后接v-ed形式表被动意义。
after his return twenty years later, he found his home town greatly changed.
although i had learnt some english, i had never heard a word of it spoken.
【高考例题】
(1) the managers discussed the plan that they would like to see __the next year. (nmet 2000)
a. carry out b. carrying out c. carried out d. to carry out
(2) a cook will be immediately fired if he is found __in the kitchen. (nmet 03)
a. smoke b. smoking c. to smoke d. smoked
(3) the missing boys were last seen __near the river.
a. playing b. to be playing c. play d. to play
(4) the salesman scolded the girl who was caught __and let her off. (nmet93)
a. to h**e stolen b. to be stealing
c .to steald. stealing
(5) he looked around and caught a man __his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
a. put b. to be putting
c. to put d. putting (04春北京卷）
（key: cbadd)
三、使役动词类。
表“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词，如make, let, h**e, keep, le**e, set, send等。使役动词的作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。分以下三种情况：
1. make, let h**e等后接不带to的不定式，表“使／让某人／某物做某事”。
don't make him do it if he doesn't want to.
if you h**e any problems, just let me know.
在被动结构中不定式须带to，但是h**e不用于被动结构中。
he was made to apologize to the guest.
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