一、词语。
1、名词。这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is
名词复数如何加后缀：
2、人称代词和物主代词。
动词用法。be动词（am、is、are）+not、
情态动词can+ not、
助动词（do、does） +not
如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：
1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+ not。
2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。
3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤：
1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。
（2）确定助动词用do、does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，（3）在助动词后加not。
（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。
强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。
二、句子。1.一般疑问句。
如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句：
（1）看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可。
（2）看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。
（3）如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。
分四个步骤：
（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。
（2）确定助动词用do还是does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does
（3）把助动词后提到句首。
（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。
2.特殊疑问句。
表示疑问，有疑问词（在开头），回答有很多种可能。
常用疑问词：
三、时态。1.一般将来时。
表示将来将要发生的动作，经常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours' time, etc. 表示将来的词联用。
结构：主语+助动词will+动词原形。
i will go to america tomorrow.
the pilot will fly to japan the month after the next.
jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.
变疑问句将助动词移到句首。
will you go to america tomorrow?
will the pilot fly to japan the month after the next?
will jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?
变否定句在助动词后面加not
i will not go to america tomorrow.
the pilot will not fly to japan the month after the next.
jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.
肯定回答及否定回答。
yes, i will. /no, i will not.
yes, he/she will. /no, he/she will not.
yes, he will. /no, he will not.
★特殊疑问句。
what will you do?
2.现在进行时。
表示现在正在进行的动作。
构成：主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分。
we are h**ing lunch.
he is reading a book.
the dog is running after a cat.
the boys are swimming across the river.
变疑问句将be动词移到句首。
are we h**ing lunch?
is he reading a book?
is the dog running after a cat?
are the boys swimming across the river?
变否定句在be动词后面加 not
we are not h**ing lunch.
he is not reading a book.
the dog is not running after a cat.
the boys are swimming across the river.
特殊疑问句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.
疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词。
what are you doing?
what is she doing?
what is the dog doing?
没有进行时的动词(必背)
表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作。
1. 表示感觉，感官的词。
see, hear, like, love, want,2. h**e, has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时。
3.一般过去式。
表示过去发生的动作或事件，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，am, is的过去式为was，are的过去式为were
i was at the butcher’s.
you were a student a year ago.
the teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.
变疑问句将be动词移动到句首。
were you at the butcher’s?
were you a student a year ago?
was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?
变否定句在be动词后面加not
i was not at the butcher’s.
you were not a student a year ago.
the teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.
肯定回答否定回答。
yes, i was. no, i was not.
yes, you were. no, you were not.
yes, he/she was. no, he/she was not.
特殊疑问句：
what did you do?
(必背)不含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式。
i finished my homework yesterday.
the boy went to a restaurant.
the sawyers lived at king street a year ago.
变疑问句在句首加did，动词变为原型。
did you finish your homework yesterday?
did the boy go to a restaurant?
did the sawyers live at king street a year ago?
变否定句在主语和动词之间加did not
i did not finish my homework yesterday.
the boy did not go to a restaurant.
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