( 1 )
we can’t stop an earthquake(**), but we can do things to make sure they don’t destroy(毁坏) whole cities. first, it is not a 1 ._idea to build houses along lines where 2.
_of the earth’s plates(板块) join together. second, if you think there 3. _be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks , not on 4.
_third, you must make the houses as 5. _as possible. weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6
scientists are 7. _that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around san francisco(旧金山) .they call it “ the big one ”.
however, people today are still building more 8. _the population in and around san francisco is 9. _ten times more than it was in 1906.
this means that 10. _there is another earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed.
3. may 6. stay up 7. afraid
剖析】这是一篇科普类文章，要求选填的词汇都是浅显易懂的常用词，且都是《大纲》范围内的词汇。因此，学生要通读全文，了解大意。只要能够理解文章上下的内容，对短文语境中有用的信息进行分析、推敲、结合整篇，就可以确定所需词汇。
值得注意的是，题目提供的词中有两组形容词、副词的同根词，这就要求我们既要明白文章的意思，还得善用所学的综合知识。
第1题选good。依句型这里需要形容词，看全文应是 “好”。
第2题选two。文章一开始就说，我们虽然不能阻止**，但可以采取措施减少**对城市的破坏程度。如果那样的话，那么在地球板块与板块交界的地方建造房屋肯定不是好办法。
（这是一个跨学科的问题，世界上已经发生的**多数发生在地球板块与板块交界的地方，科学家们称之为**带。 由此可见，要学好英语，还要学好其他学科。）
第3题选 may。在这里表示猜测、假设，意思是“可能”。
第4题选 sand 。 沙地”与前面的rocks 一词对应。这句话是说，如果你认为某个地方可能要发生**，最好是将房屋建筑在地质比较坚硬的地带，而不能建在地质松的地带。
比如像沙漠这样的地带就不能建造房屋。
第5题选strong 。除地质条件外，将房屋建得strong“牢固”些，也是减轻**灾害的一项重要措施。
第6题选stay up 。在这里是“站立、矗立”的意思，与前面的 fall down 一词相对应。
第7题选afraid。因为旧金山这个城市就建在太平洋板块与美洲大陆板块交界的地带（环太平洋**带），所以说科学家们感到担心、害怕。
第8题选houses。科学家们之所以感到担心和害怕，是因为那里的人还在那里建造房屋，这正好与前面说的减轻**灾害的方法相反。
第9题选now 。与前面的2024年相对比。
第10题选if 。文章最后小结提出假设：旧金山如果依旧那样的话，一旦有一天发生**，后果将不堪设想。
mr. brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. people sometimes 1him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in london.
they were 2there.
one day mr. brown went to london by train. he 3to take an umbrella with him that day.
sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 __the seat. when the train arrived in london, mr. brown 5up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train.
just as he was getting off, he was 6by the man. he said angrily, “that’s 7mr. brown’ s face turned red and he g**e it back to the man at once.
when mr brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. after a good look at 8of them, he said, “you’ve mended them very well.”
in the afternoon he got into the train again. the 9man was in the same seat. he looked at mr brown and his six umbrellas, “you’ve had a 10day,” he said.
3. forgot 4. beside 6. stopped 7. mine 9. same 10. lucky
剖析】这是一篇伞店老板mr brown在火车上发生的故事，是叙述类文章。要求填的词汇都是《大纲》范围内的词汇，因此难度不是很大。学生应在短文语境中对有用的信息进行推敲，结合整篇文章的内容，确定所需词汇。
通读全文，了解大意。再读全文，确定所需词的词义、词性和词形。
第1题需要动词，因为该句无谓语，意思是“带来”或“给”，所以选brought。
第2题需要动词，由于该句是被动语态，意思是“被修理”，选mended。
第3题为动词，由空前主语和空后的动词不定式决定，根据下文判断意思是“忘记”，选forgot。
第4题选介词。由语境决定的，意思是“在座位旁边”，选beside。
第5题选动词，意思是“拾起”，恰好是词组pick up,故事发生在过去，所以选picked。
第6题选动词，由于句子是被动语态，选stopped。
第7题选名词性物主代词，由于句子是主系表结构，意思是“我的”，选mine。
第8题选代词，由后面的of结构决定的，指“每一”或者“全部”，选词中没有提供all；所以选each 。
第9题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指“相同的”，选same。
第10题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指“幸运的或好的”，选lucky。
a farmer saw an old man growing something on the other side of the river.
the farmer 1out to him, “what are you growing , grandpa? ”
the old man 2for a moment, then said, “swim over 3i’ll tell
you.”the farmer didn’t like the 4of swimming across the river. but he wanted to know 5the old man was doing.
he swam over. the old man said very 6in his ear, “i’m planting peas in my 7
you should h**e shouted. i would h**e 8quite clearly on that side.” said the farmer.
oh, no, i wouldn’t 9that . the sparrows would h**e heard me and 10my peas.”
1. called speak 3. and 5. what 10. eaten
剖析】1． 此题选called 。 根据第一段讲的“一个农夫在河对岸看到一个老人在种什么东西”推理， 当他想问河对岸这位老人在种什么时，就得大声喊 “called out”。
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