1.人称代词。
主格：i we you she he it they（做主语）宾格：me us you her him it them（做宾语）
形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their（后面必须接名词，在句子中相当于一个形容词）名词性物主代词：mine ours yours hers his its theirs（后面不用再接名词，在句子中相当于一个名词）如：
露西的书lucys book =her book=hers
第一人称单数主格i
宾格me复数主格we
宾格ue第二人称单数主格you
宾格you复数主格you
宾格you第三人称单数主格hesheit
i saw a bird on the tree.(主格做主语)look at me.（宾格做宾语）
宾格。him
复数主格。they
them宾格。
herit物主代词。
第一人称单数。
形容词性my
名词性物主代词。
第二人称。复数。
形容词性。名词性。
第三人称。复数。
单数。名词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词。
名词性物主代词。
单数。形容词性物主代词。
名词性物主代词。
复数。形容词性物主代词。
名词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词。
mineour
oursyouryoursyouryourshis
herithishersits
theirtheirs
名词性物主代词一般情况下，比对应的形容词性物主代词多一个s,而后不用再接名词，如：mine=my bagtheirs= their mother
2.形容词和副词的比较级(1)一般在形容词或副词后+erolder taller longer stronger, etc(2)多音节词前+moremore interesting, etc.(3)双写最后一个字母，再+erbigger fatter, etc.
(4)把y变i，再+erhe**ier, earlier(5)不规则变化：
well-better, much/many-more, am older than you.
my little brother is taller than me.
3.可数词的复数形式。
most nouns + s a book–books
nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories (以y结尾，前面是辅音字母的)nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watchesnouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoesnouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife–knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)bread, rice, water ,juice etc.
不可数名词单数变复数时，在其单位量词上进行变化，如：一杯橙汁a cup of orange juice三杯橙汁three cups of orange juice
5.缩略形式。
i‘m = i amyou‘re = you areshe‘s = she ishe‘s = he isit‘s = it iswho‘s =who iscan‘t =can notisn‘t=is not etc6. a/an
a book,a peach (单词首字母为辅音字母)an eggan hour（单词首字母为元音字母）
7. preposition:（介词）
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.表示时间：at six o‘clock, at christmas, at breakfaston monday on 15th july on national dayin the evening in december in winter关于时间的表达（at ,in , on）
8.基数词和序数词。
one–firsttwo-secondtwenty-twentieth分数的表达，分子为基数词分母为序数词。
当分子大于1时，分母的序数词用复数形式，特殊的表达为四分之一，quarter,四分之三，three quarters
9. some /any
i h**e some toys in my 用于肯定句和部分疑问句do you h**e any brothers or sisters?any用于疑问句和否定句。
10. be动词（am is are）
1) basic form: am/are/is
2)肯定和否定句i am(not) from eyes are(not) hair is(not) long.
3）一般疑问句：am i a chniese? yes, you are.
no, you aren‘ they american? yes, they are. no, they aren‘ the cat fat?
yes, it is. no, it isn‘t.
11. there be结构肯定句：there is a …there are …
一般疑问句：is there …?yes, there is.
/ no, there isn‘ there…? yes, there are. /no, there aren‘t.
否定句：there isn‘t ….there aren‘t….
12.祈使句sit down pleasedon‘t sit down, please.
13.现在进行时。通常用―now‖.形式：be + verb +ing
eg: i am(not) doing my are(not) is(not) eating.
动词—ing的形式。
most verbs +ing walk—walking
verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run–running swim—swimming
14一般现在时。通常用―usually, often, every day, sometimes‖。形式：肯定句：
i go to school on foot every goes to school on foot every day.
15选择疑问句：选择疑问句是用or连接询问的两部分，以供选择，答案必须是完整的句子或其省略形式，不能用yes或no回答。
一般提出两种或两种以上的可能，问对方选择哪一种。其结构可用一般疑问句，也可用特殊疑问句。供选择的两部分用or连接，前者读升调，后者读降调。
will you go there by bus or by train?what would you like, coffee or tea?
how many pens do you h**e, one or two?
选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略式，不能答yes或 do you go to school by bus or by bike?by bus.
which would you like, tea or coffee? coffee.
一般疑问句演化来的选择疑问句。
is it right or wrong?were you or he there?
are they reading, chatting or watching tv?特殊疑问句演化来的选择疑问句。
which do you like better, coffee or milk?what color is it, red, blue or yellow?
where are you going, to the classroom or to the library?or not构成的选择疑问句 do you want to buy it or not?
are you ready or not
16.现在进行时（present continuous）是一个动词时态。正确的结构是―to be +动词的现在分词(也就是俗称ing形式)‖。用于表达现在正在进行的动作。
例：i am doing my homework -我正在写作业。
另外，―to be + going +动词不定式‖这个特殊的结构可表示在未来即将要进行的动作。例：he is going to tell me tomorrow -他将在明天告诉我。
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