第一章 development of nonwovens industry
fiber 纤维 staple 短纤维 filament 长丝 yarn 纱线 web 纤网 fibrous 纤维状的。
bond 加固 dry-laid干法 wet-laid湿法 polymer-laid 聚合物成网。
第二章 raw materials
synthetic fiber 合成纤维 hydrophilic 亲水性的hydrophobic 疏水性的 thermoplastic 热塑性的thermosetting 热固性的 polymer 聚合物。
polyester聚酯 polypropylene聚丙烯 polyethylene 聚乙烯nylon 尼龙
polyamide聚酰胺 polyurethane聚氨酯cellulose纤维素
bicomponent fiber 双组分纤维 strength 强力elongation伸长
dimensional stability尺寸稳定性 moisture regain回潮率。
flammability阻燃性 heat resistance耐热性。
第三章。carding 梳理 air laid/air laying 气流成网 lap 铺网 anisotropic 各向异性的。
randomize （使）杂乱cover stock包覆产品 interlining衬里。
第四章 chapter 4 wet-laid web formation
wet-laid 湿法 suspension 悬浮（液） *********** 造纸。
screen 网帘 concentration 浓度 dewater 脱水。
hydrogen bond 氢键 aqueous 水的 latex 胶乳。
第五章。polymer-laid/spunlaid聚合物成网法/纺丝成网法。
spunbond 纺粘 meltblown 熔喷 fibrillated film 膜裂flashspinning/flashspun 闪蒸法。
die 模头 perforated film 打孔膜。
geosynthetic material 土工合成材料。
screw extruder 螺杆挤出机 stretch 牵伸melt spinning 熔融纺丝 composite 复合。
chip 切片 spinneret 喷丝头 electrostatic spinning 静电纺丝。
第六章。needlepunching/needlepunched针刺 pre-needling/ tacking预刺 needle loom 针刺机。
needle density 针刺密度 needle depth 针刺深度needle beam 针梁 needle board 针板。
bed plate 拖网板 stripper plate 剥网板shank 针柄 taper 针腰 blade 针叶 barb 刺钩。
spunlacing/ spunlace 水刺 hydroentangle水刺jet 射流 water jet 水针injector 水刺头 stitchbond缝编。
第七章。thermal bond 热粘合binder 粘合剂 calender bonding 热轧粘合
through air bonding 热风粘合ultrasonic bonding 超声波粘合。
第八章。chemical bond 化学粘合adhesive 粘合剂dip 浸渍 nip 浸压。
impregnate/impregnation 浸渍 saturation bonding 饱和浸渍粘合。
spray bonding 喷洒粘合print bonding 印花粘合foam bonding 泡沫粘合 surfactant 表面活性剂water repellents 拒水整理剂 fire retardants 阻燃剂。
第九章。weight/basis weight 克重 thickness 厚度air permeability 透气性filtration efficiency 过滤效率tensile strength 拉伸强力 tear strength 撕裂强力bursting strength 顶破强力 stiffness 硬度coefficient of variation 变异系数 porosity 孔隙率 pore size 孔径 pore size distribution 孔径分布abrasion resistance 耐磨性。
1. deifintion of nonwovens?
a: a sheet, web or batt of natural and/or man-made fibers or filaments, excluding *****, that h**e not been converted into yarns, and that are bonded to each other by any of several means.
2. classification of nonwovens?
a： maufacture process: dry-laid wet-laid polymer-laid
service life：durable（耐久型的） semi-disposable（半用即弃的） disposable（用即弃的）
3. basic properties of important fibers such as cotton wool pp pet
a:cotton: has low luster（光泽）（unless finishes h**e been added such as mercerization(丝光处理）.
has a tenacity of 3.0~5.0 grams per denier.(强力为3.0-5.0克每旦尼尔)
elastic recovery is 6~9 percent（弹性回复力）
moisture regain is 8.5 percent.（回潮率）
has relatively stable dimensional stability （尺寸稳定性）and does not stretch or shrink.（收缩）
burns readily and quickly, with a smell similar to burning *****, it le**es a small amount of gray ash.
is highly resistant to alkalizes strong acid destroy cotton ,cotton is highly to most organic solvents.（耐强碱强酸和有机溶剂）
is damaged by fungi (真菌)such as mildew and by bacteria（细菌）。
fiber is composed of 95% of cellulose(纤维素)。
wool : is a protein fiber with 18 amino acids.
2. wool fiber has extremely high absorbency(吸光度) and high moisture regain（回潮率）, it has soft hand（柔软的手感）, high thermal insulation (low thermal conductivity and low flammability, its elastic recovery excellent.（高保温（导热系数低）低易燃，其弹性回复很好）
pet: fiber has a rod-like（棒状）shape with a smooth surface. the hand is crisp.
polyester is a medium-weight fiber with very good strength and abrasion resistance(耐磨性)。it can be washed and dry- cleaned. the fiber has excellent resiliency弹性纤维， and is the best wash-and-wear fiber.
it also possesses good elasticity.
polyester is almost completely hydrophobic （疏水性）(0.4% moisture regain). it is difficult to get water and detergent （洗涤助剂）into the fiber to remove stains（清除油污）.
static and pilling are also major problems.（静电和起毛粒）
pp: nylon is a lightweight(轻量) fiber with excellent strength and abrasion resistance. it is only about 10% weaker when wet.
it has very good elasticity and good resiliency（弹性跟回弹性）. the fiber has good drape（褶皱）. it can be washed or dry-cleaned.
nylon is a hydrophobic fiber (4.5% moisture regain). static and pilling are problems.
it has poor resistance to prolong and continuous exposure to sunlight, thus ****** this fiber unsatisfactory for use in draperies（窗帘）, curtains（帷帐） or outdoor furniture（室外家具）.
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