现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成,其变化规则如下:
1、一般情况下直接加ing
book—booking think--thinking sleep--sleeping
heat—heating talk—talking sell--selling
see--seeing (看见 ,由于fly--flying
say--saying buy--buying carry--carrying
try--trying study--studying
i remember seeing him once. 我记得见过他一次。
i did not like seeing that. 我一点也不喜欢见到这样。
seeing that it is 10 o'clock, we will wait no longer. 由于时间已到十点,我们不再等了。
2、以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e,再加ing
come--coming drive--driving h**e--h**ing
make—****** le**e—le**ing lose--losing
shake--shaking wake—waking take--taking
use--using
3、以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing
stop--stopping shop--shopping drop—dropping
nod—nodding run—running cut--cutting
chat—chatting get--getting set--setting
beg--begging let--letting step--stepping
begin--beginning swim--swimming sit--sitting
fit--fitting(适合的)
常见的这类词还有:forget,regret,dig(挖) 等。
you're stepping on my toes. 你踩在我的脚趾头上了。
don’t spend time regretting the past . 不要把时间花在后悔过去上。
4、以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y,再加ing
die--dying tie--tying(系,打结)
lie--lying 说谎(vt,vi),躺(v i)
过去式加 -ed 的读音。
1、在清辅音后,读清辅音 / t /
worked / kt / helped / pt / passed / st / washed / t / watched / t /
2、在浊辅音和元音后,读浊辅音 / d /
played / d / carried / id / answered / d / lived / vd / used / zd / called / ld /
3、在 / t, d / 音后面, 读 / id /
wanted / tid / needed / did /
过去式和过去分词: 一、用法 (规则的)
1)一般情况下,动词词尾加 ed :
work-worked-worked play-played-played
want-wanted-wanted heat-heated-heated
book-booked-booked talk-talked-talked
2)以不发音的 e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 d:
live-lived move-moved decide-decided
decline-declined hope-hoped die-died
tie-tieduse-used
3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加ed:
study-studied try-tried copy-copied
cry-criedcarry-carried empty-emptied
4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 ed,如:
stop-stopped shop-shopped drop-dropped
nod-nodded chat--chatted fit-fitted
regret-regretted
beg-begged step-stepped wet-wetted (使变湿,尿湿)
上面的单词过去式和过去分词相同。
二、用法 (不规则的)
1)过去式和过去分词相同:
1、原形。set-set-set let-let-let cost-cost-cost
put-put-put cut-cut-cut hurt-hurt-hurt
hit-hit-hit read-read-read shut-shut-shut
spread-spread-spread
2、lay(下蛋、放置)-laid-laid pay-paid-paid
3、sweep-swept-sweptkeep-kept-kept
4、tell-told-told
特:spell-spelt/spelled-spelt/spelled
smell-smelt/smelled-smelt/smelled
5、bring-brought-broughtthink-thought-thought
fight-fought-foughtteach-taught-taught
6、feed -fed-fed meet-met-met
7、lend-lent-lentsend-sent-sent
spend-spent-spentmean-meant-meant
8、stand-stood-stoodunderstand-understood-understood
misunderstand-misunderstood-misunderstood(误解,误会)
9、其他。dig-dug-dug feel-felt-felt find-found-found
hang-hung-hung hold-held-held h**e /has - had -had lead-led-led le**e-left-left
lose-lost-lost light-lit-lit (点亮,照亮)make-made-made
sit-sat-sat shine-shone/shined-shone/shined
stick-stuck-stuck win-won-won shoot-shot-shot(射击)
2)过去式和过去分词不同:
1、begin-began-begun ring-rang-rung run-ran-run
sing-sang-sung swim-swam-swum sink-sank-sunk
2、speak-spoke-spoken
3、rise-rose-risen
write— 特:
4、 grow-grew-grown know-knew-known throw-threw-thrown
特:show-showed-shown/showed
5、come-came-come become-became-become
6、shake-shook-shaken take-took-taken
特:wake- woke-woken
7、情态动词,无过去分词形式:
shall-should will-would
8、其他不规则。
am/is-was-been are-were-been beat-beat-beaten
choose-chose-chosen do-did-done eat-ate-eaten
fall-fell-fallen fly-flew-flown
give-g**e-given go-went-gone may-might
see-saw-seen wear-wore-worn
lie:意思不一样过去式和过去分词不一样,现在分词都为lying
1、说谎 (vt,vi) lie-lied-lied
2、躺,平放,位于(vi) lie-lay-lain
she lied to me about her age. 她对我谎报了年龄。(vi)
he lied/told a white lie to her. 他对她说了一个善意的谎言。(vt)
he is lying on the bed. 他现在正躺在床上。 (vi)
the book lies/ lay (lie过去时)
open on the desk. 那本书摊开放在桌子上。(vi)
he has lain on the bed for two hours. 他已经在床上躺了两个小时了。(vi)
注意:还有一个单词lay: lay - laid - laid - laying
vt:使…躺下,放置,产卵, vi:产卵,打赌。
lay me down on a bed of roses . 让我躺在满床玫瑰花的床上。
he laid his book open on the desk. 他把他的书打开放在桌上。
单词的特殊形式复习
1 people 复数 people 2 baby 复数 babies 3 easy 反义词 hard 4 quiet 副词 quietly 5 fast 反义词 slow6 woman 复数 women 7 child 复数 children 8 bus 复数 buses 9 slowly 形容词...
初中英语语法时态一些特殊句式中的时态英语听力
动词的时态在英语学习中起着举足轻重的作用,也是测试的重点。下面我们将通过一些英语试题对某些特殊句式中的时态加以归纳分析。一 在if,unless 等词引导的条件状语从句,when,till until,as soon as,before等词引导的时间状语从句,以及no matter wh howev...
高中英语词汇 具有特殊形式的词汇
高中英语词汇 具有特殊形式的词汇。如 只有复数形式的名词。1 一些成双成对的名词通常只有复数形式,常见的有jeans 牛仔裤 headphones 耳机 trousers 裤子 clothes 衣服 pants 短裤 glasses 眼镜 shoes 鞋子 sunglasses 太阳镜 scisso...