unit 1 reading
i. “take” phrases
1. take back
1) take sb. back (to) :回想起。
that song takes me back 30 years.
这首歌使我回想起30年前的往事。
2) take sth. back: 收回（说过的话）；退回（货物）。
ok! i take it all back.
好吧，我收回我所说过的话。
they wouldn’t take back the shirt.
衬衫他们不让退货。
2. take down
1) 写下，记下。如：
he took down everything the teacher said.
他把老师说的所有话都记了下来。
i didn’t take down his phone number.
我没有记下他的**号码。
2) 拆下，拆掉。如：
the machine takes down easily.
这机器很容易拆。
they decided to take down the dangerous bridge.
他们决定把这座危险的桥拆掉。
3) 往下拽，拉底。如：
to take down your trousers 把裤子往下拽一拽。
3. take in
1) 收留。如：
so he took in the boy (dog)/ so he took the boy(dog) in .
所以他就收留了这个男孩(这条狗)。
2) 包括。如：
the list takes in everyone.
每个人都上了名单。
3) 理解，领会，记住。如：
we find it difficult to take in what he teaches.
我们发现他教的东西很难理解。
halfway through the chapter i realized i had’t taken anything in.
这一章我读到一半才意识到我根本没看懂。
4) 欺骗，使上当。如：
don’t be taken in by his promises.
别被他的诺言所欺骗。
she took me in completely with her story.
5) 吸入，吞入（体内）。如：
fish take in oxygen through their gills.
6) 改小，改瘦（衣服）。如：
this dress needs to be taken in at the waist.
7) 去看，**（电影等）。如：
i generally take in a show when i’m in new york on business.
8) 注意到，看到。如：
he took in every detail of her appearance.
他仔仔细细打量她一番。
she took in the scene at a glance.
她第一眼就注意到那情景。
4. take off
1) 脱下。如：
take off your wet clothes.
脱下你的湿衣服。
he took off his glasses and looked up.
他取下眼镜， 抬头看了看。
2) 起飞。如：
when did the plane take off?
飞机是什么时候起飞的？
3) 打折扣，扣掉，去掉。如：
can you take five dollars off the price?
你可以减价五美元吗？
4) 请假，休息。如：
i want to take a day off (from work).
我想休假一天。
5) 匆匆离去，匆忙离开。如：
when he saw me coming he took off in the opposite direction.
6) 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行。如：
the new magazine has really taken off.
her singing career took off after her tv appearance.
7) 取消，停演。如：
the show was taken off because of poor audience figures.
8) 剪掉（头发），截去，切除（人体部位）。如：
the hairdresser asked me how much she should take off.
理发师问我头发留多长。
the explosion nearly took his arm off.
他的胳膊差点被炸掉。
9) 调离，解除（工作。职务等）；撤掉，拆除（器械） 。如：
the officer leading the investigation has been taken off the case.
主要调查此事的警员已被撤。
after three days she was taken off the ventilator.
三天之后给她摘掉呼吸器。
10) 扣除，减去（款额，分数等） 。如：
the manager took 10 dollars off the bill.
经理从帐单上划掉10元。
that experience took 10 years off my life.
那段经历使我老了10年。
11) 停止销售。如：
doctors recommended that the slimming pills should be taken off the market.
医生建议市场上应该停止销售这种**药片。
5. take on
1) 聘用，雇用。如：
the company decided to take on a new secretary.
这家公司决定聘一个新秘书。
2) 呈现，显现，具有。如：
this word had taken a new meaning.
这个词有了新的意义。
her face took on a new expression.
她的脸上露出了新的表情。
3) 承担或担任(工作或责任等)。如：
he advised me not to take too much work.
他劝我不要做太多的工作。
4) （运动或比赛）同某人较量；反抗；与某人战斗 。如：
to take somebody on at snooker/tennis/chess
与人比**克/网球/下棋。
the rebels took on the entire roman army.
反叛者与整个罗马军队战斗。
5) （公共汽车，飞机或船只）接纳（乘客）；装载。如：
the bus stopped to take on more passengers.
the ship took on more fuel at freetown.
6. take out
1) 切除，摘除（人体的一部分）
how many teeth did the dentist take out ?
2) 邀(某人)出门， 带去
he took out his girl friend in the weekend.
3) 取得， 领到(专利权， 执照等)
to take out an insurance policy/a mortgage /a loan
领到保险单/抵押贷款契约/获得贷款。
4)【律】发出(传票), 传讯
the police h**e taken out a summons against the driver of the car.
5) 摧毁， 消除
they took out two enemy bombers.
6) 向…发泄，向…撒气。
ok, so you had a bad day. don’t take it out on me.
别拿我当出气筒。
she tended to take her frustrations out on her family .
她心里的不痛快总是发泄在家人身上。
7) 启程， 出发
8) take out of 取出， 除去； 要赔偿； 报仇
the fine will be taken out of your wages.
7. take over
1）接替，接管，继承。如：
who will take over his job?
他的工作由谁来接替？
would you like me to take over the driving for a while?
你愿意让我接替你开一会儿车吗？
2）占上风；取而代之。如：
try not to let negative thoughts take over.
it has been suggested that mammals took over from dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
8. take through 帮助熟悉了解；给某人说戏。
the director took us through the play scene by scene.导演一幕一幕地给我们说戏。
9. take to
1) 喜欢。如：
he took to mary as soon as they met.
他一见玛丽就爱上了她。
2) 养成习惯，沉溺于。如：
he soon took to drinking again.
不久他又喝起酒来。
3) 去(某处)。如：
he was ill and had to take to bed.
他病倒了，只好卧床。
10. take up
1) 开始(学习或从事等)。如：
for a long time i had wanted to take up writing.
很久以来我一直想从事写作。
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