“it”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解。
it”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解。
it”用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点,因此应给予充分的重视,现将it用法归纳如下:
一、it用作实词。
表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this,that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象……
二、it用作形式主语。
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
it作形式主语的常见句型:
.代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为。
1)it be
adj.(forsb.)todoth.
此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词:easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,rightwrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannerd,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,uitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous…例。
itisillegal(for
eenager)to
drivecarwithoutalicense.
2)itbe adj.
ofsb. to
o sth.
此处adj.
通常为描述人的形容词:kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stpid,clever,wise,cry.
例。it'skindf
youto help me
withhe problem.
3)it替代作主语的动名词的常见句型。
it'sno
ood/use
doing…
t'swell)worth
doing…
it's(well)worth one's
whiledoing/to do…
it's(well)worth
whiledoing/ to do
例。t's no use
crying
verspilt milk.
2. it替代作主语的从句常见句型。
1)it is+
noun从句。例。it
isnosecretthat
thepresident
antsto
haveaecondtermat
office.
2)it is adj. +clause
t'ssurprising
that…(should)…
…竟然……it's
apity/shame
that…(should)…
…竟然……例。
it's important
thatyoushould apologize to
her for
yourrudeness.(=it'sofmuchimportance
thatyou
should
apologizetoherfor
your rudeness.)
3)iterb
sb. +clause= itis v-ing +clause
bother/concern/frghten/please/angersb.that…
it”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解。例。it
worriedme
thatshedroveso
fast.(=
itasworryingthat
hedrove
sofast.)
4)itverb(to
sb.)that…= sb/sth
verbto
doverb
ppear,seem,come
about,emerge,fow,chance,happen,occur,transpire,turn out
work out)
例。t(so)happened/chanced
thatthey
wereout.(=
theyhappened/chanced
tobeout.)
5)it is v-ed
that…=sb/sth
sto do
verb=say,report,think,believe,hope,expect,agree,accept,decide,determine,intend,pan,understand,know)
例。itissaidthatthe
couplehave
gotten
ivorced.(=the
coupleare
said to h**e gottendivorced.)
6)itis
v-edthat…(should)
verb=demand,request,require,order,suggst,avise,recommend
例。it is
suggested that
theyshould
begin with the
thirduestion.“it”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解。
17:14:05.0中国高中生网()
三、it作主语的句型。
it takes sb.
todo…(=sbtakes…to
o…)某人用多长时间做某事。例。it
took the men
weekto mend
ourroof.(=the men
took aweek to
mendour
roof.)
2. it's(just)(un)like sb.
to do…(不)像某人做某事的风格。例。
as(just)likehim
o think of
helpingus.
3. it's(about/high)time that…
should /v-ed…是该做某事的时候了。
例。it's(about/high)time
thatwe should
takeaction.
it'she x-th time(that)…
h**e v-ed…第几次做某事了。
例。it's the third time
thathehas failed
hedrivingest.
itis/hasbeen…
sincecontinuous
v-ed(延续性动词)某动作已有多长时间不发生了。
例。it's 10 years
that he livedhere
itwas(not)…
before…过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了。例。it
was not
long before theyarrived.
四、it作形式宾语。
用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
it作形式宾语的常见句型:
verb+it+adj./noun(for/of)to
do/clause
verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)
例。ithink
it hardfor
you to do
hetask on your own./i
think it hardthat
you'll do the
ask on
yourown.
verb+it+adj./noun(one's)doing(adj.=useless/worth/wothwhile)(noun=n
se/nogood/orth
one'swhile/a
wastef
time/money/energy/wos)(vrb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)
it”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解。
例。i'll
ake it
worthourwhile telling
meabout
his secret.
.verb+it+
that…(should)…
verb+it+ofmuch/great/no/little
importance
that…(should)…
verb=thinkbelieve,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)
例。i think
itimportant thatyou(should)attendthe conference.
verb+it+as+
oun/adj.+
clause(vrb=accept,regard,take,see,view)
例。thelecturertakes
itasencouragingwhenso
manystudentsattend his
ecture.
prep.
that…owe
o sb.that…把…归功于…
le**eit
to sbthat…把…留给某人去做。
akeit for
ranted that
想当然。keep
it inmind that…
例。don'tbotherto
arrangeanything.
juste**eitto
metoortout.
it用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面,尤其是表示好恶的动词后,enjoy,like,love,dislike,resent,hate,don't
mind,be
fondof,feellike,seeto
宾语从句紧跟it之后。
例。i hate
ityou can
swimso well andi
can't.
7. it用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面,宾语从句紧跟it之后(exceptthat例外)例。i'm
for it
that you will
ollowtheir
dvice.
五、强调句型。
tis/was+被强调部分+that(who)…
强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who.
在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点:
请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句。
例。whenwasit
thathe changed
ismindto
akepartinthe activity?
.在强调原因状语从句时,只能强调由because所引导的从句。
例。it was
because he was ill that
hedidn't come
to school
esterday.
3.在强调not…
until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上。例。t
as not until she
took off her
arkglasses
hat i realizedshewasmybrother.
4.注意强调句型与定语从句的区别。例。it
was at7
o'clock
that he came here yesterday.(强调句型)twas
o'clock
whenhe came here yesterday.(定语从句)
六、it常用的固定搭配。
1. makeit
1)在口语当中相当于succeed,表示:成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达。例。t's
hardto make it to thetop
in show business.
2)在口语中相当于fix the date for,表示“约定好时间”
例。shall
e meet next
week?it”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解。
ok. we just makeit
ext saturday.
2. asit is
1)相当于in
fact,in reality表示“事实上,实际情况是……”
例。we had planed
tofinish the task today,but
asit is we
robably won't finish
untilnext week.
2)相当于方式状语从句,表示“照原样”
例。le**e the
tableas itis.
it were
相当于asone might
say,that is to
say,表示“也就是说,可以说,换句话说”例。he
is,asit were,amodern
herlock
holmes.
fit weren'tfor…/if it hadn't
beenfor…
用来引导虚拟语气,相当于without,orbut
or,表示“如果不是……,要不是……”例。if
t weren'tfor
tom,i wouldn't be alive today.
that'sit
1)相当于that's all.
hat's so much.表示“至此为止,没有别的了”例。you
canh**e one more sweet,and that's
it.2)相当于。
hat's right.表示“对啦”
例。guess the key
to the problem
isthechoice“a”
that's it.
6. catchit
在口语中,相当于be punished/scoldedfordoing
sth.wrong.表示“因做错事而挨骂,受责备,受批评,受惩罚”
例。e'll
really
catchit
formourteacherifwe'relate
forclass
again.
.h**eit
1)相当于say,insist表示“说,主张,表明,硬说”
例。rumour hasit thattheyare getting divorced.
2)相当于get to
knowsomething,表示“了解,知道,获悉”
例。i had it from
ohnthat
hewasgoing abroad.
8. h**e
what it takes
在口语中,相当于be
well qualified
or,表示“具有成功的条件”例。you
cantake
itfrom
methat
yourdaughterhas
hatittakes
to bea star.
9.so it seems
appears.
10.keep at
it!(don't
giveup!)
相当于go on,表示“继续做,不放弃”
例。y teacher asked me
to keepat it.
1. go it!(go on!)拼命干,莽撞。
2. now
youh**e
doneit!(you
avedonesth. wrong.)
nowyou'll catch
it!(you'll
bepunished.)
14. as
it happened,…
在口语中,相当于it's a pity
that…,表示“真不凑巧,真遗憾”
例。asit happened,they wereout.
it”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解。
15. asit
turned out,…
在口语中,相当于itwasfound tobein
the end,表示“最后被证明是”
例。as it turned out,his statement wasalse.
such as
it is(they
are)在口语中,相当于although it
ay not beworth
much,表示“虽然没有多大价值”
例。you can
borrow my exam
notebook,such
as it is.
take it/things
easy.相当于don't
worryr don't
hurry.用来劝告别人,表示“不要慌,别担心,存住气”
例。takeit
easy!he willdoit
well.
take it fromme.
在口语中,相当于believe me what
say.表示“请相信我的话,我敢担保”例。you
can takeit from me
that he willmake
itthis time.
9. for what it
s worth…
在口语中,相当于althoughi'mot
sure it's of
alue,表示“不管其价值如何”
例。ere is the article
i promise you,forwhatit's
worth.
orthit
在口语中,相当于useful,表示“有好处,值得做”
例。on'thesitate
aboutit!
it'sworth
it.1. believeitor
not.表示“信不信由你”
例。believe it or not,tom is
getting married to mary
next sunday.
2. take
itor leave
t. v.要么接受要么放弃。
例。hat is my last
offer. you can
take it orle**e it.
23. it all depends/that
all depends
在口语中,相当于ithasn'tbeen
ecidedyet,表示“那得看情况,还没有定下来”例。are
yougoingto the
countryside
forholiday?
it/that
all depends.
it'sp to
sb.在口语中,相当于it's decided
y sb.表示“由……决定,由……负责,取决于……”
例。shall wego out for dinner?
it'sup toyou。
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