一、 数词讲解。
1、 基数词。表示数目的多少，如：one, two, three, one hundred, two thousand 等。
2、 序数词。表示顺序第几，其前面须加上定冠词the。如：the twenty-first, the thirtieth等。
练习：写出下列数字的基数词和序数词的表示方法。
3、分数。分数表达法：基数词表示分子，序数词表示分母，如果分子大于1时，分母要加 “s”。如：one-fourth, two-fifths, three-tenths
4、年、月、时间表达法：年份用基数词，日期用序数词，时间用基数词，其顺序由小到大。
eg: he was born on january 11th, 1886. he was born in january, 1990.
5、hundred, thousand, million, dozen, score这些词前面如有表示具体数字的词，它们不能加 “s”,反之则须加 “s”。如：three hundred people, thousands of people。
1) 200 个学生2) 成百上千的人。
3) there are about two __students in their school.
a. thousand of b. thousands of c. thousand d. thousands
4iraqi people died in the iraq war.
a. thousand of b. thousands of c. thousand d. thousands
5students in our school went there this summer.
a. two hundred b. two hundreds c. two hundreds of d. two hundred of
基础练习：1）he lives on __floor. a. four b. fourth c. the four d. the fourth
2) today she is very happy，because it is herbirthday
a. seventeen b. seventeenth c. the seventeenth d. the seventeen
3) this is a big class, andof the students are girls.
a. two third b. second three c. two thirds d. two three
4) -what is one fourth and a half, do you know? -yes, it’s __
a. two sixths b. three fourths c. one three d. three sixths
5) i like this kind of pen, could you please give me __more.
a. two b. second c. the two d. the second
6) he has failed many times, but he wants to trytime.
a. sixth b. a sixth c. the sixth d. six
7) in the final exam, he got __prize.
a. third b. the third c. three d. the three
二、介词的用法。
一) 介词的功能。
介词是一种虚词，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词（如动名词doing）构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。
例如：the boy over there is john’s brother. (定语) the girl will be back in two hours.
(状语) our english teacher is from australia. (表语)
help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语)
二) 注意事项。
1、不用介词的情况。如：home，here, there前，every, this, last, next等词前面。
eg: what’s your father going to do next month? he goes to learn the piano every friday afternoon.
when did he arrive home last night?
2、介词不能省略的情况。如what are you talking about? no one would like to be laughed at.
the old should be taken good care of.
三）常用介词的用法辨析。
1、表示时间的介词： 1）at, in ,on
表示时间点用at。例如：at six o’clock, at noon, at midnight。
表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用in。例如：in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。
表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用on。例如：on monday, on july 1st, on sunday morning, on a rainy morning, on the morning of may 1st等。
2） since, after, in
由since和after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但since词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而after词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用。例如：
(1)i h**en’t heard from him since last summer. (2) after five days the boy came back.
in 加一段时间， 往往表示将来的动作，用于将来时态， eg: he will be back in ten days.
2、表示地点的介词 1）at, in, on
at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：
he arrivedshanghai yesterday. they arriveda small village before dark.
there is a big hole___the wall. the teacher put up a picture___the wall.
2）over, above, on
over, on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具体含义不同。over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是under, eg: over the sea。
above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。on指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。例如：
there is a bridge __the river.
we flew __the cloudsthey put some flowers __the teacher’s desk.
3）across, through
across和through均可表示“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同。across的含义与on有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。through的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行。
例如：the dog ranthe road. the boy swam __the river. he trekkedthe jungle.
they walkedthe forest. i pushedthe crowds.
4) in front of, in the front of 的区别in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；in the front of 表示“在……的前部”，在某个范围以内。例如： there are some tall treesthe building.
the teacher is sittingthe classroom.
四）介词的固定搭配。
1）介词与动词的搭配。
listen to , laugh at, get to, look for, wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…, take care of, put up, work on, be busy with等。
2）介词与名词的搭配。
on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。
3）介词与形容词的搭配。
be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。
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