verbs and phrasal verbs
一、学习目标：
1、掌握常考动词的词义。
2、掌握动词一词多义。
3、掌握语境法和固定搭配法解题。
二、考情报告：
动词和动词短语是英语中最活跃、最难掌握的语法项目之一，也是高考单项填空的重点和热点。命题主要集中在动词辨析、动词短语辨析、一词多义以及在他们在具体语境中的运用。
三、解题策略。
四、考点解读。
考点一：不同的动词后面加上相同的介词或副词。
1）动词+up
bring up培养，抚育 call up使回想起来，打**给come up走近 cut up切碎
fix up修理 make up虚构，补上，组成 pick up捡起，开车接人，学会，救起，接收
give up 放弃 set up建立，创办 take up占据，开始从事。
hold up举起；阻挡；拦截
2）.动词+out
come out出版 go out出去，熄灭 set out开始，出发 put out扑灭
give out分发，耗尽 hand out分发 pick out挑选，辨别出 work out计算出，制。
出，解决 carry out实施，执行。
3）、动词+away
throw away 扔掉put away把….收拾好give away捐赠，分发，泄密
carry away运走 run away跑开，逃离 go away走开。
4）、动词+over
come over过来 （overcome克服） hand over移交get over克服，从…中恢复
look over检查，察看 think over仔细考虑 take over接收，接管。
5）、动词+on
try on试穿 put on穿上 h**e on穿着，戴着 hold on不挂断，坚持住。
carry on继续做（go on, keep on） get on进展 come on赶快，加油。
6）、动词+down
break down出故障，身体精神垮掉，分解。
take down记下，拿下，拆卸 write down写下，记下。
turn down调低，拒绝put down镇压，记下。
tear down扯下，拆毁，拆除。
7）、动词+副词+介词。
add up to合计为 break away from脱离….get away from摆脱….
come up with提出catch up with赶上keep up with跟上。
keep away from远离date back to追溯到 put up with容忍，忍受
run out of 用完 watch out for当心 look down upon瞧不起。
ex： 1、 i’ve __the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my home from school.
a. come into b. gone into c. got into d. run into
2. walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled tohis courage.
a. hold up b. keep up c. set up d. take up
surprising that your brother __russian so quickly---he hasn’t lived there very long.
a. picked up b. looked up c. put up d. made up
4. the government has taken measures to __the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
a. take down b. bring down c. hand down d. tear down
5. you can’t predict everything. often things don’t __as you ecpect.
a. run out out c. work out d. put out
考点二： 同一个动词后面加上不同的介词或副词。
1）break+介词/副词。
break down出故障，身体精神垮掉，分解break out爆发。
break up解散，打碎，婚姻结束break into闯入….
break in闯入，打断谈话，插话break off突然停止，中断。
break through突破，冲破。
2）come+介词/副词。
come about发生come over过来 come out出现，出版 come across偶遇。
come back回来come down下降，降落。
3）get+介词/副词。
get through顺利通过，打通** get in进入，到达，收获 get on上车，进展
get off使离开，出发 get out出去，出版 get over克服，从…中恢复。
get across使被理解 get along进展，与…相处。
4）give+介词/副词。
give in屈服，投降 give away赠送，捐赠，泄露。
give off放出，发出（声音气体光热）
give out分发，发出（声音气体光热），耗尽。
give back归还。
5）go+介词/副词。
go ahead进展，请做… go around四处走到，消息流传 go away走开
go down下降 go up上升 go over复习，仔细检查。
go through 经受（痛苦困难等），仔细查看，通过。
6）look+介词/副词。
look after照顾，照料 look back回顾 look around环顾 look down朝下看。
look up向上看，查阅 look into调查 look over检查 look through浏览。
7）turn+介词/副词。
turn around转身 turn over使翻转 turn to求助于 turn in上交，退还。
turn off关掉 turn on打开 turn up调高，出现 turn down调低，关小，拒绝。
8） put+介词/副词。
put aside把…放在一边put away把…收拾好，储蓄。
put down放下，记下，镇压 put forward提出（建议，要求，计划，事实等）
put off推迟，延迟put on穿上，戴上。
put out生产，扑灭put up搭建，张贴。
is really good at taking notes in class. she can __almost every word her teacher says.
a. put out b. put down c. put away d. put together
2. we __to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
a. set about b. set up c. set out d. set down
3. he had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system.
a. broke in b. broke up c. broke out d. broke down.
4. some insects __the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
a. take in b. take off c. take on d. take out
5. you look well. the air and the sea foods in sanya must __you, i suppose.
a. agree with b. agree to c. agree on d. agree about
考点三：动词不同，其后的介词或副词也不同。
这一类短语动词应该是最难的，因为考察面广且形式灵活多变。如：
h**ing a lot of trouble with the new compture,but she doesn’t know whom to
a. turn to for c. deal with d. talk about
athlete’s years of hard training __when she finally won the olympic gold medal.
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