英语竞赛语法

发布 2020-01-02 09:45:28 阅读 1657

语法知识。

sentenceneeds explainingonce more.

表示“需要”含义的动词,如need,want,require等作谓语时,其主语若是物,这些动词后面可接动名词,主动形式表被动含义。 engineeris to visitour factory next week.

be to do结构表示按计划要做的事情或即将发生的动作。

the dark street, there wasn’t a single personto whomshe could turn forhelp.

这是一个介词+whom引导的定语从句,介词来自定语从句谓语动词的固定搭配turn to.

4. the wrong end of the stick?

抽象地点名词case, point, situation, stage等词做先行词且关系词在从句中作状语时,用where引导定语从句。5. the meeting wasa great success.

抽象名词具体化,抽象名词一般是不可数名词,但当表示“一个…的人”,“一件…的事”时,转化为可数名词。

order to find a better job, he decided to studya secondforeign language.“a/ an +序数词”表示“又一,再一”。

said he’d phone youthe momenthe got home.

名词词组引导时间状语从句,如: every/ each time; the moment/ minute; thefirst/ second time…。

is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。

where引导地点状语从句。

prevent this from happening again, john snowsuggestedthat the sourceof all the water suppliesbe examined.

表示“建议、命令、要求、坚持”(suggest, advise, propose, order, demand,require, insist)等词后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气,结构为“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。

school rule states that no childshallbe allowed out during the day,unless accompanied by an adult.

shall用于法律条文,规章制度中,表示义务和规定。

newsthatthey had won the game soon spread over the whole school.(此句为同位语从句,解释news的内容,that不充当句子成分)the newsthatyou told me yesterday was really disappointing. (此句为定语从句,修饰限定news, that在从句中作宾语)

it作形式宾语,that引导的是真正的宾语从句。

teacheras well ashis students is going to the museum this afternoon.就近原则:aswellas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,including,but,except ,besides, rather than等连接两个并列的主语时,谓语要和前面的主语保持主谓一致。

to join usseemsreally hard.

动名词,动词不定式,名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 been triedto solve the problem, but none is effective.

单复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语形式要根据其具体含义而定。 isdeeplyinterested in english so that he often works at it untildeepinto the night.

deep表示具体的深度,而deeply用于抽象或比喻意义。

polluted by the dirty water过去分词短语作后置定语,与river之间形成被动关系。

people try to knock me down,only to makeme more determined todo better.

不定式短语与only连用作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果。19. he saw smokerisingfrom behind the house.

rising现在分词作宾语补足语,与smoke形成主动关系。 all the work done, i feel very relaxed 的复合宾语结构, work与do之间形成被动关系。 comes my listof dos and don’ts.

完全倒装句:副词或介词短语作状语位于句首,谓语动词完全放置主语之前。

in this waycan we learn english well.

only+状语位于句首时,句子用部分倒装,将谓语中的系动词、助动词或情态动词放置主语之前,而把实意动词原形保留在主语之后。

was not untilshe took off her dark glassesthati realized she was afamous film star.

not…until…”句式的强调句型“it is/was not until…that…”。

their credit, the four countriesdo worktogether in some areas, but theystill h**e very different institutions.用助动词do, does, did强调谓语。

paul’s cathedral looked splendidwhen first built.

状语从句的省略:在状语从句中,若谓语有be动词,而主语又与主句主语一致或主语是it时,从句的主语和be动词可以省略。26.

he went to bed,cold and hungry.

形容词作状语表示伴随或说明主语所处的状态。

carefulenough/ toocareful to study.在学习方面,你再细心也不为过。

cannot/never与enough/too连用表示“无论怎么样都不过分;越……越好”。 table isthree times the length ofthat one.

倍数表达法:倍数+the +名词(size, length, width ,height…)+of… will give the letter to himimmediatelyi see him.

directly,immediately,instantly等副词也可引导时间状语从句,相当于assoon as。

man standing there looksfrightening, and the little boy isfrightened.感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词的区别:过去分词常译作“感到……的”;现在分词常译作“令人……的”。

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