英译汉：
1.必译题：关于世界粮食计划署的世界粮食危机问题找到了解决之道2.选译题：关于泰坦尼克号沉没原因的调查：美国修复有轨电车系统汉译英：
1.必译题：中国制造变成了质量低劣的产品的代名词。技术革新和质量管理是中国企业的必须采取的行动。
2.选译题：新疆发现白熊酷似北极熊；
蓝藻在各大湖泊蔓延，造成污染。城市饮水收到威胁。苏州使用蓝藻清除船进行水面清理。
e-c translation
compulsory translation
therewas,lastweek, abumper harvest, ukrainerelaxed restrictions onexports. overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10percent.
bycontrast,tradersinbangkokquotericepricesaround$1,000a ton, up from $460 two months ago.
suchis thevolatilityof today’s do notknowhowhighfoodpricesmight go, norhowfartheycouldfall. but onething is certain: we h**e gonefrom an era of plenty to one ofscarcity.
experts agree that food prices arenot likely .
imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day -the “bottombillion,” the poorest of the world’s poor. mostlive in africa,and many might typically spend two-thirds oftheir income on food.
inliberialastweek,iheardhowpeopleh**estoppedpurchasingimported rice by the they increasingly buy it bythe cup, because that’s all they canafford.
tr**elingthoughwestafrica, burkina faso,i saw a government working to import ,helpedby nations like brazil. in ivory coast, wesaw a women’scooperative running a chicken farm set up with un can easily bereplicated.
elsewhere, i saw yet another women’s group slowly expandingtheir localagricultural production, with un help. soon they
will replace world foodprogram rice with their own home-grownproduce, sufficient to cover the needsof their school feedingprogram.
these are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-rootsproblems -precisely the kind of solutions that africaneeds.
topic 1
for a decade, metallurgists studying the hulk of the \'more than 1,500 people died.
now a team of scientists has moved into deeper waters,uncovering evidence inthe builder\'s own archives of a deadlymix of great ambition and use oflow-quality iron that doomedthe ship, which sank 96 years ago tuesday.
the scientists found that the ship\'s builder, harland andwolff, in belfast, struggled foryears to obtain adequatesupplies of rivets and riveters to build the world\'sthreebiggest ships at once: the titanic and two sisters, olympicandbritannic.
eachrequiredthreemillionrivets,andshortagespeakedduringtitanic\'s construction.
the board was in crisis mode," said jennifer hooper mccarty,amember of the team that studied the company\'s archive andother evidence."it was constant stress. every meeting it was,\'there\'s problems withthe rivets, and we need to hire morepeople.
\'the team collected other clues from 48 titanic rivets, usingmoderntests,computersimulations,comparisonstocentury-oldmetals and carefuldocumentation of what engineers andshipbuilders of the era considered state ofthe art.
the scientists say the troubles began when the colossal plans
iron and include smallerforges, as disclosed in and experience.
addingtothethreat,thecompany,inbuyingironfortitanic\'srivets,ordered no. 3 bar, known as "best," not no. 4, knownas"best-best," the scientists found.
they also discoveredthatshipbuilders of the day typically used no. 4 iron foranchors, chains andrivets.
so the liner, whose name was meant to be synonymous withopulence, in at leastone instance relied on cheap materials.
the scientists argue that better rivets would h**e the icy plunge, s**inghundreds of lives.
c-e translationcompulsory translation
中国制造”模式遭遇发展瓶颈，这种模式必须要改进和提高。一些外国人认为，“中国制造”大约就是质量低下的代名词。不可否认，少数产品的确存在质量问题，让大多数价廉质优的产品代其受罪。
质量是产品的生命线。随着外国市场的夸大，中国企业也意识到质量的重要性。因此一场旨在提高质量，提供优良服务的运动正在兴起。
在传统的制造业中，中国企业通过技术创新和质量管理，为国际市场提供高质量的产品。在新兴的信息产业，中国企业以高科技为师，增强和外国企业的交流与合作，提高产品质量。
近几年来，中国**通过立法和社会监督保证产品质量，创造全社会重视产品问题的环境。
中国制造”模式遭遇发展瓶颈，这种模式必须要改进和提高。一些外国人认为，“中国制造”大约就是质量低下的代名词。不可否认，少数产品的确存在质量问题，让大多数价廉质优的产品代其受罪。
质量是产品的生命线。随着外国市场的夸大，中国企业也意识到质量的重要性。因此一场旨在提高质量，提供优良服务的运动正在兴起。
在传统的制造业中，中国企业通过技术创新和质量管理，为国际市场提供高质量的产品。在新兴的信息产业，中国企业以高科技为师，增强和外国企业的交流与合作，提高产品质量。
近几年来，中国**通过立法和社会监督保证产品质量，创造全社会重视产品问题的环境。
topic 1
2023年，一位摄影师在新疆喀纳斯自然保护区无意间拍到一只白熊。自此以后的十年里，白熊藏身于深山之中，再无音讯。直到2023年，人们才再次在该自然区又发现了白熊的踪迹。
在熊的家族里，只有北极熊是白色的。但是，这个庞然大物是如何离。
开极地寒带，来到这个寒温带的地方呢？难道它是通过通往北极的水路来到此地？这一猜测遭到动物学家的质疑。首先，北极熊不能在温带的树林中生活。其次。
2023年，一个科学考察队在白熊出没的地区发现了熊冬眠的冬窝儿，还发现了一小团白色的动物毛发。dna样本鉴定为棕熊的毛发。但是，也有可能，至少那团毛发不属于**中的白熊。
topic 2
topic 2
蓝藻是一种简单的水生植物，它可以在河湖、湿地、树干和温泉自然蔓延生长。当蓝藻细胞达到一定程度时，蓝藻的“密集孽生”会使水体变色、引起泡沫、散发臭气、影响贝类和鱼类的生存，还会使水质大幅度下降。
2023年夏天，富营养物和其他污染导致蓝藻在太湖、巢湖、滇池发生了蓝藻“密集孽生”现象，影响了城市供水及水生产品生长。“密集孽生”最严重的是太湖东部。太湖是我国第三大淡水湖。
这次。密集孽生”导致周边100多万居民供水问题长达10天之久。为了防止污染，当地环保部门关闭了770家化工厂。
2023年夏天，长期的温暖、干燥气候导致蓝藻在部分地区发生。9月，一艘可以快速、有效地清除蓝藻的船在江苏省投入使用。
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