知识要点。1)英语中的there be 结构意思是“有”,表示在某地或某时有某人或某物。there be 结构强调的是“存在关系”。
there be 结构中的be具有时态变化(is, are, was, were). there be后接的如果是单数可数名词或不可数名词时,be只能是单数形式is或was;如:there is a book on the desk.
there was some milk in the bottle yesterday. 如:there be后接的如果是复数可数名词时,一定要用复数形式are 或were。
there are some books on the desk. there were some books on the desk yesterday.
2)在英语中表示“有”这一概念除了there be结构以外,还有h**e/ has。它们的用法区别:h**e/ has表示“某物归某人所有”,强调所属关系,而there be指“在某地或某时有某人或某物”,强调存在关系。
比较:there is a bus in our school.(只表示存在,bus不一定属于学校)
our school has a bus.(表示我们学校拥有bus这一财产).考查there be 句型的常见题型有单项填空、完型填空、句型转换和改错等。
做这类题时,必须首先认真理解全句的意思,看是表示“存在”的“有”还是“拥有”来决定是否用there be还是用其他句型。
3)there be可以有现在时(there is/are)、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成时(there h**e/has been);还可用there must be ,there can‘t be, there used to be等。
4)反意疑问句的构成:be (not) there?
5)主谓一致:there be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致,遵循就近原则。
注意:1.句型中含有some时,变为否定句、疑问句时一般要改为any。
2.对数量提问:how many +可数名词复数 + are there +…
how much +不可数名词 + is there +…
3.对句中 sth.部分提问一般用what’s +地点状语?有时也用what‘s there +地点状语?
be 句型中有时不用动词be ,而用e , live ,stand , lie, seem to be , happen to be ,等。
练习:i.将下列句子改成否定句和一般疑问句,并作肯定与否定回答。
1. there is some juice in the fridge.
2. there were two apple trees in front of the house two years ago.
ii..用there be或h**e的适当形式填空。
1any pencils in your pencil-box?
2youany pencils in your pencil- box?
3. lucya twin sister, lily.
4a tv in our classroom last term.
5. how many hoursin a day?
6. -how many legs __a tableit __four.
7. -what’s in your bedr
room?a bed, a desk and some chairs.
8.. my parents __two children andfour people in my family.
iii.单项填空。
( )1. there __any rice in the bowl.
a. are b. is c. isn‘t d. aren’t
( )many apples on the tree last year.
a. h**e been b. were c. are d. is
( )many __are there in the room ?
a. apple b. students c. milk d. *****
( )you know if __a meeting next sunday ?
a. there was going to h**e b. there was going to be
c. is there going to be d. there will be
( )is some milk in the bottle, _
a.isn‘t there b.aren’t there c.isn‘t it d.are there
( )a lot of good news in today’s news*****.
a. is b. are c. was d. were
( )pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.
a. is a b. are some c. has a d. h**e some
( )8. there is little water in the glass, _
a. isn‘t there b. isn’t it c. is it d. is there
( )9. -there is no air or water on the moon. is there? -
a. yes, there are b. no, there isn‘t c. yes, there isn’t d. no, there is
( )10. -what did you see in the basket then ?
-there __a bottle of orange and some oranges.
a. is b. are c. was d. were
( )11. _is there on the table?
a. how many apples b. how much bread c. how much breads d. how many food
( )12. there isn‘t __***** in the box.. will you go and get some for me?
a. any b. some c. a d. an
( )13. there __something wrong with our classroom.
a. are b. has c. is d. h**e
( )14. there is some __on the table.
a. apple b. orange c. cake d. sandwich
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