destroy , damage , ruin】
the boyruinedthe beautiful picture with ink on purpose. (不可修复)
his hope of being a singer wasdestroyed.(不可修复)
the he**y raindamageda lot of houses. (可修复)
quiet , silent , still】
bequietand get on with your work.. 安静的，寂静的。表自然环境，表生性安静，不易激动。
you must learn when to speak and when to keepsilent. 表沉默的。表示不说话，不弄出声音。
the air is sostillthat the smoke is rising straight up from the fire. 安静的，不动的。指人表面无动作。
occur , happen , take place】
it was unfortunate that this accident shouldhappen / occur.偶然发生，碰巧。常指不好的事情。
itoccurredto him thathe should go to see a dentist.与happen可互换。occur to sb.
/sth.思想出现在意识中。
the official opening of the store willtake placenext week.指必然会发生的事情，无被动。还有举行活动。
argue , debate , quarrel】
the new couple are alwaysquarrellingabout so little family income. 指因愤怒而争吵。
the workersarguefor the right for a public holiday. 通过提出理由进行论证。
first, let me introduce to everyone both sides of today’sdebate.指正式的辩论。
fit , match , suit】
this coat doesn’tsuityou. 多指颜色、款式、质地等适合，合乎需要、口味、性格、条件和地位等。
this coat doesn’tfityou. 多指大小、尺寸、形状合适、合身。
this tie doesn’tmatchthis coat. 多指大小、形状、颜色、性质等方面的搭配。
matter , affair , business】
i could do nothing to help you since thematterhas gotten into such a mess.侧重麻烦或异常的事情、毛病。
before going away, he arranged his businessaffairs. 一般为较重大的事件，也可泛指事务，要用复数。
tom is the black sheep of his family. he has almost ruined his father’sbusiness. 生意，行业，事情，事务。
normal , common , ordinary , usual , regular】
as is known to all, snow iscommonin cold countries. 常见的，一般的。common sense / knowledge
are you returning home at theusualtime today? 通常，往常，一贯如此。as usual
tom sawyer was anordinaryamerican boy who kept getting into trouble.普通的，平常的，平凡的。
a newregularbus service to tianjin airport started to operate two months ago.有规律的，定期的，经常的。
my life was delighted that things had returned tonormalonce again.正常的，智力，精神正常的。
opposite , contrary】
his house isoppositeto mine. 指位置、方向、地位、意义等对立的、相反的。be opposite to在。。。对面。
this is something quitecontraryto my expectations. 主张、看法行为等相反的，含有互相冲突，不一致。
realize , recognize , know】
he didn’trealizehis mistake until his mother told him.认识到，意识到，实现，完成。
it’s hard for me torecognizehis voice on the phone. 认出，辨认，承认。为短暂性动词，不接时间段作状语。
we h**eknowneach other for many years.知道，了解，熟悉，认识。可接时间段作状语。
scene , scenery , sight , view】
thesceneafter the earthquake was horrible.指展现在眼前的情景，也可指scenery的一部分。含景物中的人。
he had a chance to see the historicalsightsof london.指场景、眼前看到的景观。可指名胜、风景。用复数。
hangzhou is world-famous for its beautifulscenery.指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色。
there is a fineviewof the mountain from our hotel. 指从远处或高处看到部分景色。
separate , divide】
pleaseseparatethe good apples from the bad ones. 把聚合在一起的事物、东西分开，常与from连用。
pleasedividethe apple into two parts. 把一个整体分成若干部分，常与into连用。
struggle , fight】
the soldiersfoughtbr**ely in the battle. 打仗，战斗，主要指肉体上的对抗。常指打架。
on arriving at the shore, the girlstruggledup the cliff towards the light she had seen.挣扎，斗争。指肉体和精神。
上的搏斗。暗指在艰难处境中奋力挣扎。
broad , wide】
she lost her heart to the soldier with thebroadshoulder and the deep voice.指某物覆盖面的范围，肩、背、胸。
his reading covers awiderange of subjects. 着重指边沿间相隔的距离以及广泛之意。
cause , reason , excuse】
i don’t know thecauseand effect. 起因，原因，指引起某种结果的必然原因。常与of搭配。强调事实。
there are manyreasonsfor animals dying out. 理由，原因，用于解释已发生事情的理由，借口。常与for连用。
强调逻辑推理，理由不一定真实。
i h**en’t done the work well; myexcuseis that i h**e been ill. 指免受指责或推卸责任而找的理由、原因，即借口。常与for连用。
advantage , benefit , profit】
it is to youradvantageto invest wisely. 好处或利益，所获之物。
young people get greatbenefitfrom reading. 指各方面的受益。
their investment has brought them a lot ofprofit. 多指金钱方面的利益、利润。
br**ery , courage】
he showed greatbr**eryin s**ing the drowing child. 勇敢，指处于某种紧迫情况下大胆无畏的行动勇气。
although blinded by the explosing, he faced the future withcourage.勇气，勇敢，指使人面对危险、困难、痛苦等而不感到惧怕的精神力量。
character , characteristic , quality , personality】
he has a changeablecharacter.品质，性格特色，特征，个人、集体或范畴的区别特征或属性。
whatcharacteristicsdistinguish the americans from the canadians? 指与众不同的特征。
modesty is one of his goodqualites. 品质，指个体的特点，尤指好的品质。
hispersonalityleft a deep impression on us. 个性，指个人聚集的品质、行为、脾气、情绪和精神的性格。
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