英语单词形容词和副词后缀

发布 2021-05-21 20:06:28 阅读 2812

1)以-d或-de结尾的动词,在对应的名词和形容词中,d通常变成s,如provide→provision, decide→decision / decisive,collide→collision,invade→invasion / invasive,ascend→ascension,等等。其中以-end结尾的动词,往往有-ent结尾的名词与之对应。如extend→extent,descend→descent,等等。

2)以-ate、-ete、-ite、-ute结尾的动词,对应的名词往往以-tion结尾,如activation、competition、expedition、institution,等等。3)以-l和-r结尾的动词,对应的名词往往以-ance或-ence结尾,如excellence、vigilance、occurrence、conference等等。4)一些常见的对应后缀:

a)–acious→–acity:如sagacious→sagacityb)–ate(形容词)→–acy:如accurate→accuracyc)–al(形容词)→-ality:

如mental→mentalityd)–ance、-ancy、-ence、-ency→-ant、-ent:如excellence→excellente)-cracy→-crat→-cratic:如democracy→democrat→democraticf)–fy→–faction:

如satisfy→satifactiong) -graphy→-graphic→-grapher:如geography→geographic→geographerh)-ify→-ification:如certify→certificationi)–ic→-icity:

如specific→specificityj)-ical→-icality:如logical→logicalityj)–ise、-ize→-isation、-ization:如improvise→improvisationk)–logy→-logical→-loger、-logist、-logian:

对比astrology(astrological、astrologer)/ geology(geological、geologist)/ theology(theological、theologian)。l)-nomy→-nomic→-nomer:如astronomy→astronomic→astronomer

补充: 以上的都是一些重要的规则的变化,但是由于英语受到拉丁语、希腊语、法语等的影响,很多词汇的变化是不规则的。外来语在吸纳入英语的时候,为了遵循英语发音习惯的缘故,对原词尾有所变动。

这些词与派生词之间往往呈现双元音与单元音的对应关系。对比abound→abundance / abundant,exclaim→exclamation,pronounce→pronunciation,explain→explanation,profound→profundity,等等。

再附加一些词汇学课上的内容:

构成名词的后缀:er or

istee

essian

eseant

ismness

(a)tion

mention

ingship

hoodage

uredomtyity

ythalance

enceful

构成形容词的后缀:

fulless

ishive

ousable

ibleicantly

alyentary

somelikeened

an构成动词的后缀:izeen

ify构成副词的后缀:

lyward

wise构成数词的后缀:

teentyth

英语写作常用副词形容词

副词。常用的 actually 实际上 真实地 actually,it bores me stiff.totally 完全地 i totally agree.我完全同意。eventually最后 so that amazing progress eventually occurs in short ...

雅思写作常用副词形容词总结

dramatically considerably 剧烈地。excessively 过度地。intensively 广泛地。initially 首先。specifically 具体的说。mainly primarily chiefly mostly,主要地。properly appropriatel...

雅思写作常用副词形容词总结

dramatically considerably 剧烈地。excessively 过度地。intensively 广泛地。initially 首先。specifically 具体的说。mainly primarily chiefly mostly,主要地。properly appropriatel...