there be 是英语中常用句型， 意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”。there在此结构中是引导词，已经没有副词“那里”的含义。there be 后面的名词是句子的主语，属倒装结构。。
其问句形式是将be或will/h**e/can/must等助动词、情态动词提至there之前，否定形式则直接在be或助动词、情态动词后加not，因此要表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用there be(is，are，was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如：
there are fifty-two students in our class.
1、there be 句型中的be 应和其后出现的主语在数上一致，即“近主原则”，如：
there is a lamp on the table.
there are some apples in the bowl.
thereare five books,two pens and a ruler in the school bag.
there is a ruler,two pens and five books in the school bag.
1.当动词be后所接的名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词时，be 应该取单数is；当其后所接的名词是复数的可数名词时，be用复数are。
there's a man at the door.
门口有个人。
there is some apple juice in the bottle.
瓶子里有些苹果汁。
there are some strangers in the street.
大街上有一些陌生人。
2.如果there be 后面是几个并列名词做主语时，动词be的形式和最靠近它的那个名词保持数的一致。
there is an ashtray and two bottles on the shelf. 架子上有一只烟灰缸和两个瓶子。
there are two bottles and an ashtray on the shelf. 架子上有两个瓶子和一个烟灰缸。
be 句型的否定句有两种构成方式，一种是将否定副词not放在be 之后，如：
there isn't a ball in the box.
盒子里没有球。
there isn’t a box in the room.
房间里没有盒子。
there aren’t any pens on the desk.
课桌上没有钢笔。
there hasn’t been any rain for a week.
一周没下雨了。
there won’t be a meeting today.
今天没有会议。
另一种是在主语前加上不定代词no , 如：
there is no water in the bottle.
瓶子里没有水。
there are no pictures on the wall.
墙上没有图画。
there will be no one at home tomorrow morning.
明天上午不会有人在家。
there might be no money left。
或许没有剩下什么钱。
be 句型的一般疑问句是将be 放在there 之前，回答时用yes或no，后接简单答语。如：
are there a cake on the table?
桌子上有些蛋糕吗？
yes，there are. /no，there aren't.
是，有。/ 不，没有。
be 句型的特殊疑问句主要有how many和how much做引导词两种情况：
how many students are there in your school?
你们学校有多少学生？
how much money is there in your pocket?
你口袋里有多少钱？
1.区别点：there be 意为存在，强调某地有某物，不表示所属关系；h**e 表示所有关系，强调某人或某地有某，这是其基本用法。如：
there are some trees in front of the house.
房前有些树。
tom has many friends in china.
汤姆在中国有许多朋友。
2.相同点：在表示结构上的含有时，既可以用there be 句型，也可以用h**e（has） 来表示。如：
中国有许多长河。
there are many long rivers in china.
china has many long rivers.
三月份有多少天？
how many days are there in march?
how many days has march?
there is a pencil in my pencil-case.
there was an old house by the river five years ago.
there be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式：
对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “who’s + 介词短语？”；当主语是物时，用 “what’s + 介词短语？
”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意：
无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：
there is a bird in the tree. →what’s in the tree?
there are some bikes over there. →what’s over there?
there is a little girl in the room. →who is in the room?
对地点状语提问：用 “where is \ are + 主语？”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如：
there is a computer in my office.
where is the computer? -it’s in my office.
there are four children in the classroom.
where are the four children?—they’ re in the classroom.
对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式：
如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“how many +可数名词复数+ are there + 介词短语？”表示：
there are twelve months in a year.
how many months are there in a year?
there is only one book in my bag.
how many books are there in your bag?
there is a cat in the box.
how many cats are there in the box?
如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ how much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示：
there is some money in my purse. how much money is there in
your purse?
如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如：
there is an orange and some bananas in the basket.
there are some bananas and an orange in the basket.
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