一、问候(greetings)
1.初会。常见表达:how do you do?/hello!/i'm glad to see you. /nice to meet you.
用法点津:a.回应时,只要重复一下对方所说的问候语即可。
b.同样是初会问候语,how do you do?和i'm glad to see you.
较正式,而hello!和nice to meet you.较随便。
c. nice to meet you.主要表示初次见面时的问候,而nice meeting you.
则是初次见面分手时的用语。
2.日常问候。
常见表达:hello!/hi!
/good morning (afternoon, evening)!/how are you?/how are things going?
/how are you getting on?
用法点津:a.回应前三个交际用语时,只要重复对方的话即可。
b. how are you?是日常生活中用来问候他人身体情况的用语,回应时,用very well, thank you.
(and how are you?)或用fine, thanks. (and you?
)。假如身体确实不太舒服并想让对方知道,不妨说not too well, i'm afraid. 对经常见面的人说how are you?
时后面还可加上具体时间。c. hello!
和hi!是互相熟悉的人之间的招呼语,比较随便,一天中任何时候都可以用。有时,后面还可加上对方的名字,以示亲热。
d. good evening!一般用于晚上(通常是九点以前),有时后面还可加上对方的姓名或称呼。
需要注意的是,不可用good day.来打招呼。good morning!
省略good 时,也可用来打招呼,但一般用于比较熟悉的人之间。e.与英美人见面寒暄时,不应问及他(她)的年龄、婚否、收入等个人隐私情况。
二、介绍(introductions)
常见表达:may i introduce myself? my name is jim.
/ how do you do? i'm jim./let me introduce b to you.
a, this is b.
用法点津:a.自我介绍时,男子不必自称mr, 说姓名或姓就可以了。
而女子在自我介绍时,一般需将姓和名同时用,有时为区别婚否,还可在姓名前加上mrs或miss。b.介绍他人时,常把年轻的介绍给年长的,把身份低的介绍给身份高的,把男子介绍给女子,把客人介绍给主人,以示对后者的尊重。
c.经介绍后,人们常用的问候语有nice to see you./how do you do?
回应时重复一下即可。
三、告别(farewells)
常见表达:good-bye!/bye-bye!
/bye!/see you tomorrow(later, soon,at six o'clock)!good night!
/ h**e a good (nice) day!
goodbye, jim, and good luck!
用法点津:a. bye-bye.
用于比较随便的场合。b. good night.
/night!只限于晚上告别或**睡觉时使用。c.
h**e a nice day!限于白天告别时用(如早餐后家人互相道别)。d.
回应第一组告别用语时只要重复一下那些用语即可,对see you tomorrow(later, soon, at six o'clock).的回应也可用fine.或ok.
,表示对约定时间的认可。回应第二组用语时要将语序调整一下,即good luck to you, too. goodbye.
e.告别前通常要说一两句客套话,如:i'm afraid i must be off(going) now.
长久告别时,还可同时表达希望今后多联系(keep/get in touch.),要对方保重身体(take care.),问候对方家人(please send my best wishes/regards to your family.
)等。四、打**(****** phone calls)
1.打**人自我介绍。
常见表达:hello! mike (here)./hello! this is mike (speaking).
用法点津:用英语打**时,开头打招呼的第一句话通常是hello,然后便自报姓名,再告知想与谁通话。
2.打**人要某人接**。
常见表达:may(can) i speak to kate, please?/is that kate? /is kate in?/who's that?
用法点津:需要证实对方的身份时,不能说are you...或who are you?
3.本人接**。
常见表达:hello, 8244011./good morning. this is kate (speaking)./yes, speaking.
用法点津:a.接**时,第一句招呼语可以是hello.
,也可以视情况说good morning!紧接着再报自己的**号码或姓名,也可报单位名称。不打招呼,直接介绍自己,再问对方是谁也可以。
b.问对方是谁时可以这样说who's calling?/who is that speaking?
/is that mike speaking?/is that you, mike?
4.代接**人叫某人接**。
常见表达:you are wanted on the phone./
there's a call for you./for you.
用法点津:如果来电要找的人就在**机附近,也听见了**铃声,则可简单地说一声for you.或it's (a call) for you.
五、感谢和应答(thanks and responses)
1.一般场合。
常见表达:a: thank you./thank you very much (indeed). many thanks.
b: not at all./that's ok(all right).
/that's nothing./you are welcome./don't mention it.
用法点津:感谢可用于得到别人的帮助、受到别人的赞赏、接受别人的礼物和祝愿以及谢绝别人的好意等多种场合。
2.特定场合。
常见表达:a: thanks for your help.
b: (it's) my pleasure. /it's a pleasure.
a: here's a ticket for you.
b: thank you. it's very nice (kind) of you.
用法点津:my pleasure./it's my pleasure./
it's a pleasure.这三句的意思均为"这是我们乐意做的事"或"甭客气"。
六、祝愿、祝贺和应答(greetings, congratulations and responses)
1.节日问候。
常见表达:a: happy new year!/merry christmas!/i wish you a happy new year.
b: thanks, the same to you./thanks and i wish you the same.
/a merry christmas to you, too.
用法点津:回应对双方共有节日的祝愿时,通常会顺祝对方节日愉快。如果节日只为一方所有,回应时只要表示感谢就可以了。对生日祝贺的回应也只表示感谢即可。
2.祝贺成功。
常见表达:a: congratulations (on your success)!
/let me congratulate you on your progress./well done./that's great!
b: thank you (for your congratulations)./it was very kind of you to say so.
用法点津:祝贺语中的名词congratulations总是用复数形式。
3.离别寄语。
常见表达:a:i hope you h**e a good journey./h**e a good time in beijing.
b: thank you./thanks. i will.
七、意愿(intensions)
1.表达意愿。
常见表达:i will help you with your english./i'm willing to let mike help you.
用法点津:要表达不愿意做某事时,将上述句子改为否定句就可以了。
2.询问意愿。
常见表达:a: will you go with us?
/are you willing to go with us? /do you mind going with us? /would you like (us) to visit beijing?
b: of course, i will (am). no, not at all.
用法点津:not at all可以看作是i don't mind at all.的省略形式。
3.转述意愿。
常见表达:she'd like (me) to stay at home tomorrow./he is thinking of giving us a talk.
八、道歉和应答(apologies and responses)
1.表示道歉。
常见表达:sorry to h**e kept you waiting. /i'm sorry, but i'm busy.
/excuse me (for being late)./i beg your pardon for not telling you that./i'm afraid we are not free this weekend.
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