第一章动词篇。
第一组 made, “除了“, put
1、和 made 相关的短语。
be made in +某地：表示产自**。
the watch was made in china.
be made of +某种材料：表示用某种材料制成（通常看的出来原材料）
the tea pot is made of silver.
be made from +某些材料：表示用某些材料制成（通常看丌出来原材料）
wine is made from grapes.
be made by +某人：表示由某人制成。
this cake was made by my sister.
2、表示“除了”的短语。
except：除了，表示整体中除掉。
例句：i invited everyone except john.（我没有邀请 john)
besides:除了…还有…
例句：besides his right arm, he broke his two legs.(除了他的右胳膊，他还弄断了双腿）
except for:除了，常放于句首且除去一些微丌足道的东西。
例句：except for this, everything is ready.(除此之外，一切已准备好）
apart from:(=except for 戒 besides)
例句：apart from/except for the nose, he is quite good-looking.
3、和 put 相关的短语。
put up: 提起，举起；为……提供食宿。
例句： the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. (搭起）
you can stay here tonight. we can put you up in the spare room.（为某人安排食。
宿）put on：穿上，戴上。
例句：put on your coat and let’s go!
put out: 扑灭；出版，生产。
例句：father put out the fire and crept into his tent.
put down: 记下，抄下。
例句：put down all the sentences that are on the blackboard.
put off: 推迟。
例句：i h**e put off my trip to london until next week.
put away: 放好，收好。
例句：she told her children to put their toys away and go to bed.
put up with (+sb): 忍受某人。
例句：i can’t put up with him any longer.
第二组 look, call, pick
1 、和和 look 相关的常考短语。
look for: 寻找（强调过程）
例句：i’m looking for my pen, but i don’t find it.
look after: 照顾（=take care of）
例句：would you please look after my pet when i’m in london?
look out: 当心，注意（=be careful）
例句：look out! a bus is coming!
look up: 1) 查阅 2) 拜访（某人）
例句：i shall look up this word in the dictionary.
don’t forget to look me up when you return.
look forward to: 期待（+doing sth)
例句：i’m looking forward to seeing you this summer holiday.
look back: 回顾，回头看。
例句：they like to look back on those unforgettable years in the army.
2 、和和 call 相关的常考短语。
call out：大声喊。
例句：he called out to me but i didn’t hear him.
call at : 拜访（后面往往加地点）
例句：does the ship call at liverpool?
call on: 拜访（后面往往加人）
例句：i called on frank yesterday.
call sb up: 打**；召集。
例句：she will call you up tomorrow.
call off: 取消（=cancel)
例句：it began to rain so we called off the match.
call for: 需求，要求。
例句：your plan will call for a lot of money.
3 、和和 pick 相关的短语。
pick up: 1) 捡起 2）接(某人) 3）学习。
例句：he picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins.(捡起）
i’ll pick you up in the car this evening.（接）
i picked up a lot of english when i was in england.（学习）
pick out: 挑出； 分辨出。
例句：i can’t pick out the card i like best.
第三组 knock, “话费”, give
1 、和和 knock 相关的短语。
knock at： 敲，击。
例句：a beggar knocked at my door.
knock off： 1）碰掉 2）下班 3）打折。
例句：i knocked the vase off the table and broke it. (碰掉)
he always knocks off at six o’clock. (下班）
the shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.(打折)
knock over： 撞倒。
例句：a car knocked the boy over.
2、 表示“ 花费” 的动词短语。
1）spend:
sb spend + 时间/钱 + on sth
sb spend + 时间/钱 + in) doing sth
例句：i spent two days on this book.= i spent two days (in) reading this book.
须注意：spend 后面既可是花费多少时间，也可以是多少金钱；
spend 通常是人作主语 。
2）take:
it takes/took sb +时间 + to do sth
例句：it took me two days to read this book.
须注意：take 后面通常只跟花费多少时间；
take 通常是 it 做形式主语。
3）cost:
sth costs/cost sb +钱。
例句：this dress costs me twenty dollars.
须注意：cost 后面通常只跟花费多少钱；
cost 通常是物作主语。
4）pay:
sb pay/paid +钱 +for sth
例句：i paid twenty dollars for that dress.
须注意：pay 表示支付的意思，通常人做主语。
3 、和和 give 相关的短语。
give up: 放弃。
例句：i h**e given up smoking.
give in: 投降； 上交。
例句：he can’t continue fighting. he will soon give in. （投降）
give in your exercise books to me. (上交）
give away: 分送；泄露。
例句：i g**e away my sweets to the little boy.
give back： 送还。
例句：he returned with my bag and g**e it back to me.
第四组 use, “到达”, turn
1 、 use 用法小结。
1）主语 +used to do sth: 过去常常做某事。
例句：i used to work sixteen hours a day.
2）主语 +be/get used to doing sth: 习惯于做某事。
例句：she got used to getting up at 7 o’clock.
3）主语 +be used to do sth. (主语 +be used for doing sth): 被用于做某事。
例句：knives are used to cut things. =knives are used for cutting things.
4）主语 +be used as: 被用作。
例句： the radio is used as a tool in my english study.
5）其他短语：
use up: 用尽，用完。
make use of: 利用。
2 、 表示“ 到达” 的动词短语。
1）arrive ：到达（ 不及物动词，可单独使用；若接某地点，中间必须加上介词 at 或或 in ，但地点副词除外）
arrive at + 小地点。
例句：i will arrive at the airport tomorrow morning.
arrive in + 大地点。
例句：she arrived in hong kong yesterday.
2）reach：到达（ 及物动词，后面必须直接接地点，做宾语）
例句：he didn’t stop until he reached the door.
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